2/11 Integumentary System Study Tools - Chapter 6 Bio 201

ASU Bio 201 Lecture - Chapter 6

Integumentary System

The system that includes the skin and its accessory structures, functioning as a protective barrier for the body.

Dermis

The thicker, inner layer of skin beneath the epidermis, made up of connective tissue.

Epidermis

The outermost layer of skin, composed mainly of squamous cells.

Hypodermis

The layer of subcutaneous tissue beneath the dermis, primarily consisting of fat and connective tissue.

Keratin

A type of protein found in skin, hair, and nails that provides structure and protection.

Sebaceous Glands

Glands in the skin that secrete oil (sebum) to lubricate hair and skin.

Sweat Glands

Glands that produce sweat for thermoregulation and excretion; also known as sudoriferous glands.

Stratum Basale

The deepest layer of the epidermis where cell division occurs.

Stratum Corneum

The outermost layer of the epidermis made up of dead, keratinized cells which provide a protective layer.

Melanin

A pigment produced by melanocytes in the skin that determines skin color and provides UV protection.

Basement Membrane

A thin layer of fibrous material that connects the epidermis to the dermis.

Dendritic Cells

Immune cells in the skin that help detect and fight pathogens.

Stratified Squamous Epithelium

The type of epithelium forming the epidermis, consisting of multiple layers of flat cells.

Hypodermis

Also referred to as the subcutaneous layer, it primarily provides insulation and energy storage.

Hair Follicle

The structure in the dermis from which hair grows, containing the hair root and bulb.

Vascularity

The presence of blood vessels within the dermis, contributing to the skin's nutrient supply.

Aging and Skin

Changes in skin appearance and texture due to factors like loss of collagen and decreased elasticity.

Skin Function

Protection, sensation, thermoregulation, vitamin D synthesis, and absorption.

Nails

Keratinized structures at the tips of fingers and toes that protect the digits.

Piloerector Muscle

Smooth muscle attached to hair follicles that causes hair to stand up (goosebumps) when contracted.

Skin Pigmentation

The color of the skin determined by factors such as melanin, keratin, and hemoglobin.

Exfoliation

The process of removing dead skin cells from the outer layer of the skin to promote new cell growth.

Dermal Papillae

Small, nipple-like projections in the dermis that interdigitate with the epidermis and increase the connection between the two layers.

Acne

A skin condition marked by the presence of blemishes and pimples due to blocked hair follicles.