Dispute Resolution / Legal Issues CLN4U1 Test Review

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to legal issues, dispute resolution, and significant cases relevant to the CLN4U1 exam preparation.

Public Law

Law involving the government and its relationships with individuals or organizations, includes areas like criminal and constitutional law.

Private Law

Law governing relationships between individuals or organizations, includes areas like tort law, family law, and contract law.

Constitutional Law

The body of law that defines the role, powers, and structure of different entities within a state, primarily the executive, the legislature, and the judiciary.

Prosecution

The process of charging an individual with a crime and pursuing the case against them in court, typically conducted by the state.

Plaintiff

The individual or entity that initiates a lawsuit in civil court.

Bicameral

A legislative body that has two chambers or houses, such as the House of Commons and the Senate in Canada.

Judicial Review

The power of the courts to review laws and actions by the government to ensure they are constitutional.

Common Law

Law developed through court decisions and judicial rulings, rather than through legislative statutes.

Class Action

A legal proceeding in which one or more individuals file a lawsuit on behalf of a larger group of people with similar claims.

Luxury Tax

A tax imposed on high-priced goods, in this context, often related to salary caps in professional sports.

Title IX

A federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded education program or activity.

Jim Crow Laws

State and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States from the late 19th century until the civil rights movement.

De Facto

Existing or holding a position in practice or reality; not necessarily ordained by law.

Roe v. Wade

A landmark Supreme Court case that ruled that a woman's right to choose to have an abortion was protected by the right to privacy.

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, a civil rights organization that fights racial discrimination.

Negligence

The failure to take proper care in doing something, leading to damage or injury to another party.

Affidavit

A written statement made under oath, used as evidence in court.

Plea

A defendant’s formal response to a criminal charge, which can be guilty, not guilty, or no contest.

Segregation

The act of separating people or groups based on race, religion, or other factors, often associated with historical injustices.

Establishment Clause

A clause in the First Amendment that prohibits the government from establishing an official religion or unduly favoring one religion over another.