DAT daily

How many years old is the universe

13.8 billion

Competitive inhibition leads to

KM increasing

Centrioles are only found in - cells

animal

_ participate in metabolic oxidations involving H2O2

peroxisomes

Pinocytosis refers to

the cellular ingestion of fluid with dissolved substances

smooth er

ribozymes are a

complex of RNA molecules that are capable of catalysis

What is common between glycosidic and phosphodiester bonds

both produce an H2O molecule during bond formation

enzymes do not change

the equilibrium constant of a reaction

receptor-mediated endocytosis is

a method of cellular transport that involves the intake of dissolved substance within a coated vesicle

How are chloroplasts and the mitochondria similar

they both possess their own DNA

The endomembrane system consists of

the nucleus, rough/smooth er, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane

What organelles are not included in the plasma membrane

peroxisomes, the mitochondria

What is a structural component of sphingolipids

aliphatic amino alcohols

What are the effects of a noncompetitive inhibitor

KM stays the same, vmax decreases

Which macromolecule has disulfide bonds

proteins

What process do lipid soluble molecules use to cross the plasma membrane

simple diffusion

Plastids are found in - and - cells, not -

plant and algae, animal cells

When peptide bonds are formed, what occurs

H2O is produced

What tissues are gap junctions found in

heart

Endosymbiotic theory

eukaryotic cells contain a primordial prokaryotic cell

A molecule with 5 electron groups and no lone pairs on the central atom will have what molecular geometry

trigonal bipyramidal

Which will not give a positive Lucas test?

Ethanol

A mammal that lays eggs is called a

monotreme

When naming cycloalkenes, the first carbon of the double bond is carbon

1

f the first ionization energy for calcium is 590 kJ•mol^-1, what is the estimated value for the second ionization energy of calcium?

A. 

470 kJ•mol^-1

B. 

590 kJ•mol^-1

C. 

1150 kJ•mol^-1

D. 

4910 kJ•mol^-1

E. 

6500 kJ•mol^-1

C

The DNA backbone is held together by - bonds dependent on -

phosphodiester, phosphate

Where is ATP synthase found

in the inner membrane of the mitochondria

What is a triglyceride composed of

three fatty acid chains and one glycerol molecule

Which organelle

golgi apparatus

which organelle

rough endoplasmic reticulum

A substrate that binds to the allosteric site of an enzyme is called a

noncompetitive inhibitor

A defining characteristic of protein primary structure is

peptide linkages

Which of the following would you expect to find the LEAST amount of in the cell membrane?

DNA

Feedback regulation

when the end product of a reaction pathway either inhibits or activates an upstream (earlier) enzyme

A cell enclosed by a semipermeable membrane has an internal concentration of 0.2 M fructose, 0.1 M glucose, and 0.1 M sucrose. It is placed into a solution of fructose, glucose, and sucrose and appears to have no changes in turgidity. Which of the following conclusions can be made?

the cell is in an isotonic environment

Which of the following describes the earliest autotrophic cells on Earth?

Anaerobic chemosynthetic prokaryotes

What is a polymer of amino acids

enzymes

Connective tissue includes

connective tissues, blood, adipose, cartilage, and bone.

How are beta-oxidation and glycolysis similar?

both require energy investment

eukaryotic flagella are made of

tubulin

prokaryotic flagella are made of

flagellin

A sample of cells is placed in a 3.4% salt solution. The cells are observed to become smaller and wrinkled in shape due to water loss. Which of the following does this indicate?

The cells are hypotonic to the 3.4% salt solution

Which of the following is most likely found free-floating in the cytosol of eukaryotes?

RNA

What role do enzymes play in biochemical reactions?

provide a more efficient reaction route

Which group is believed to have appeared after the earliest anaerobic heterotrophs but prior to the rise of eukaryotes?

cyanobacteria

Which are responsible for intracellular transport

kinesin and microtubules

Which level of protein structure is characterized by the formation of b pleated sheets

secondary structure

Which enzyme acts in the first step of glycolysis

Hexokinase

As far as the products are concerned, biosynthetic reactions in living cells result in

a more ordered state, and a decrease in entropy

Which of the following is the smallest in size ribosome, nucleus,, Golgi body, chloroplast, mitochondria

ribosome

What is the role of ATP in biological organisms

to provide the energy necessary to drive unspontaneous reactions

On primordial Earth, the appearance of the enzymatic machinery necessary to split water led to the evolution of

autotrophic prokaryotes

All of the following are considered evidence supporting the RNA world hypothesis EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

Modern viruses can use RNA as genetic material

RNA’s ability to self replicate

RNA’s high stability

The presence of ribozymes in modern organisms

RNA’s high stability

If a eukaryotic cell were to be centrifuged, all of the following would be expected to be found EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION?

Flagella

Cellulose

Vacuole

cytoskeleton

peptidoglycan

peptidoglycan

Which of the following cellular components is NOT membrane bound?

Lysosome

Mitochondrion

Nucleus

Ribosome

Vacuole

Ribosome

Beta-oxidation breaks fatty acids down into

acetyl-CoA molecules to be used for energy

Beta-oxidation occurs in

the mitochondrial matrix

What is the primary function of cholesterol in the cell membrane

Membrane fluidity

Which protein aids in receptor-mediated endocytosis by forming a pit in the membrane that pinches off as a coated vesicle

clathrin