Chapter 11 apes

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40 Terms

1

conservation biology

conserve organisms and protect biodiversity

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2

biological diversity

the variety of all living things on Earth

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3

species diversity

differences within species

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4

relative abundance of species

how common or rare a species is compared to other species in a given area

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5

subspecies

a smaller group within a species

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6

taxonomy

the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms

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7

genetic diversity

differences in DNA

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8

inbreeding depression

genetically similar organisms produce weak or defective offspring

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9

endemic species

species found in one area and nowhere else

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10

latitudinal gradient

more biodiversity near the eqauotor

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11

extinction

species no longer found on the planet

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12

extirpation

localize extinction. not found in places where they are usually found

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13

background rate of extinction

the rate where species become extinct

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14

mass extinction

5 mass extinctions which eliminated alt half of species on Earth

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15

red list

list of endangered animals

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16

United Nations Environment Programme

the leading global authority on the environment.

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17

Living Planet Index

categorizes life on the planet

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18

habitat alteration

environment changed in a way that harms the organisms

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19

invasive species

species that lack natural predators

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20

overharvesting

harvesting a natural resource at a unsustainable rate

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21

global climate change

a long-term shift in weather patterns and temperatures in a region

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22

ecosystem services

service provided by nature

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23

ecosystem resilience

ecosystem resilient to change

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24

keystone species

species that are needed or the ecosystem will collapse

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25

biological magnification

toxic chemicals build up within predators.

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26

ecotourism

going to different countries to see ecosystems

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27

biophilia

like nature more

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28

nature-deficit disorder

people don’t get out too much to enjoy nature

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29

conservation genetics

applies genetics to improve breeding, protect endangered species, and biodiversity

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30

minimum viable population size

use of genetics to understand to reduce the risk of population and extinctions

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31

island biogeography theory

Larger and closer islands support more species due to higher immigration and abundant resources

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32

endangered

in danger of becoming extinct

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33

threatened

likely to become endangered

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34

Endangered Species Act

list of that protect some species from being extinct or threatened

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35

captive breeding

get species from the wild to breed them in captive

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36

umbrella species

protecting an organism that results in protecting other animals in the area

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37

flagship species

species used like symbols to promote conversation

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38

CITES

bans transport of body parts of any rare species

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39

biodiversity hotspot

areas that have a lot of biodiversity

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40

species richness

the number of species and abundance of each species that live in a particular

location.

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