college biology ch 17

cuvier

after every catastrophic event, there were survivors, not new species

lamarck

theory of inherited acquired traits, moved toward perfection

darwin

natural selection, survival of the fittest, populations change over time, heritable traits are passed on

lyell

wrote Principles of Geology, saying the earth is very old and there was enough time for evolution

malthus

population outgrows resources, survival of the fittest

wallace

father of biogeography, had similar ideas to Darwin

homologous structures

similar structure, different function

analogous structures

similar function, different structure

vestigal structures

body part that has stayed through evolution, but has no function

embryology

before birth

morphological divergence

features have departed in appearance and/or function from ancestral form

morphological convergence

adoption of similar function over time

radiometric dating

a way to measure the proportions of daughter/parent isotopes in ancient rocks or other objects

comparative biochemistry

comparing DNA and RNA

biogeography

discovery of new organisms in new places