Chapter 1: The Normans - Conquest and Control

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Allegiance

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29 Terms

1

Allegiance

The loyalty of a citizen or subject to their government or king.

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2

Danegeld

A tax raised to pay the Vikings (often Danish) to stop them from plundering from England.

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3

Earldoms

The land owned by earls.

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4

Fealty

loyalty

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5

Illegitimate

A child born to unmarried parents.

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6

Sub-regulus

Literally ‘below the king’ but meaning acting as the king’s deputy.

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7

Wessex

The richest part of England and an earldom controlled by the Godwin family prior to the Conquest.

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8

Witan

Members of the national council in England advising the king before the Norman Conquest.

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9

Fyrd

Working men, mainly peasants, called to serve the king in times of trouble.

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10

Housecarl

The household troops or bodyguard of English kings.

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11

Thegn

A nobleman in Anglo-Saxon culture.

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12

Vassal

A person granted the use of land, in return for promising to be loyal. In addition they usually provided military service or its equivalent to a lord VERNACU LAR: the native language.

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13

Papal banner

A flag given by the Pope to show that a mission had h is, and therefore, God's blessing.

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14

Hauberks

Chain mail protection - a shirt reaching at least to mid-thigh and including sleeves.

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15

Barons

An important lord in the Feudal System.

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16

Besieged

To surround a place with armed forces in order to capture it or force its surrender.

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17

Burhs

Fortified settlement established to protect towns against Viking invasion.

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18

Conciliatory

Doing something with intention of goodwill.

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19

Disinherited

Preventing someone from inheriting another's property or title.

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20

Domain

An area of territory owned or controlled by a particular ruler or government.

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21

Domesday Book

A record of a survey of the lands of England, giving ownership, size, and value of the properties.

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22

Garrison

The troops stationed in a castle or town to defend it.

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23

Harrying of the North

The brutal slaughter and pillaging of the North by William the Conquer and his army.

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24

Legitimacy

Having the right to do something (e.g. rule England).

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25

Patronage

The power to control appointments to office or the right to privileges such as holding land.

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26

Plunder

To steal.

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27

Motte and bailey

A castle with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised earthwork called a motte, surrounded by an enclosed courtyard.

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28

Royal writs

A formal written order, issued by the king. Essentially a new law.

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29

Treasury

Where the funds of the government (i.e. the king) are kept.

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