Untitled Flashcards Set

All six-legged animals belong to the superclass __________.

Hexapoda

The four classes within hexapoda are __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Insecta, Diplura, Protura, Collembola

The classes classified as entognathous hexapods are __________, __________, and __________.

Diplura, Protura, Collembola

Endognathous means __________.

Exterior mouth parts

Most hexapods have mouth parts located __________.

Interiorly

Define: Apterygota. __________

Wingless insects

Define: Pterygota. __________

Winged insects

The two divisions of apterygota are __________ and __________.

Araegnatha/monocondyla and dicondyla

Dicondyla means __________.

Having two points of attachment for the mouthparts

Hemipterans includes __________ for this course.

Homopterans

The purpose of a dichotomous key is __________.

To help guide in classifying organisms

All dipterans contain __________.

A unique structure located behind the hindwing: Halteres

Define: Elytra. __________

Sclerotized forewings

Physical characteristics of archaeognatha include __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Humped back, styles, long antennae, long central tail filament

Physical characteristics of thysanura are __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Small compound eyes, all tail filaments are the same length, flatter back.

Physical characteristics of ephemeroptera include __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Elongated cerci, central tail filament, large triangular forewing, circular hindwing, short adult lifespan.

Physical characteristics of odonata include __________ and __________.

Dragonflies and damselflies; carnivorous

The major differences between anisoptera and zygoptera are __________ and __________.

Anisoptera = Dragonflies; Wings held apart, Zygoptera = Damselflies; Wings held together.

Physical characteristics of plecoptera include __________.

Large, pleated wings that fold above the abdomen.

Physical characteristics of blattodea include __________, __________, and __________.

Pronotum, tegmina, spiny legs.

Define: Pronotum. __________

Shield plate thingy behind head.

Define: Tegmina. __________

Leathery forewings

Physical characteristics of isoptera include __________.

Fore and hind wings are the same size.

The latin meaning for mantis is __________.

Prophet.

Physical characteristics of grylloblattodea include __________.

Cricket roach; rock/ice crawlers.

Physical characteristics of dermaptera include __________ and __________.

Pincer cerci, leathery forewings.

Physical characteristics of orthoptera include __________.

Wings have a straight dorsal wing margin.

Physical characteristics of phasmatodea include __________.

Stick bugs; well blended to environment.

Physical characteristics of embrioptera include __________ and __________.

Web spinners; active and versatile wings.

Characteristics of zoraptera include __________.

Possess wingless male and female forms; very rare insects.

Physical characteristics of psocoptera include __________.

Eroded or gnawed looking wings.

The common name for phthiraptera is __________.

Lice.

Physical characteristics of hemiptera include __________.

Contain insects with half or fully membranous wings.

Physical characteristics of thysanoptera include __________.

Very small insects; fringed wings.

Physical characteristics of megaloptera include __________.

Primitive looking; large mandibles; wings.

Physical characteristics of raphidioptera include __________.

Large wings held close to body; females possess long slender ovipositor.

Physical characteristics of neuroptera include __________.

Highly veined wings.

Physical characteristics of coleoptera include __________.

Beetles; shielded wings.

Physical characteristics of strepsiptera include __________.

Wings are twisted and folded up.

Physical characteristics of mecoptera include __________ and __________.

Long legs; long wings held together above body.

Physical characteristics of siphonoptera include __________ and __________.

Fleas and ticks; secondarily wingless.

The common name for diptera is __________.

Flies.

Physical characteristics of trichoptera include __________.

Hairy wings.

Physical characteristics of lepidoptera include __________.

Moths/butterflies; scaly wings.

The common name for hymenoptera is __________.

Wasp.

The three body regions of insects are __________, __________, and __________.

Head, thorax, abdomen.

The main structures associated with the head are __________.

Sensory organs.

The main structures associated with the thorax are __________.

Locomotion structures.

The main structures associated with the abdomen are __________.

Digestive and excretory structures.

The main structures of the head include __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Mandible, maxillae, labrum/clypeus, labium.

The regions of the thorax are __________, __________, and __________.

Pro-thorax, meso-thorax, meta-thorax.

Wings are located on which segments of the thorax? __________ and __________.

Meso and meta-thorax.

The typical number of segments for an insect's abdomen is __________.

11.

Define: Ommatidia. __________

Individual light reception units.

Diurnal insect eyes favor __________ while nocturnal eyes favor __________.

Precision; light sensitivity.

Insect eyes see __________ best.

Blue.

Define: Tympana. __________

Membranes located on insect abdomens used to hear.

Most olfactory sensillia are located on an insect's __________.

Antennae.

Define: Ostia. __________

One way valves of an insect's heart; helps move haemolymph more effectively.

The section of an insect's digestive tract that does not contain cuticle is __________.

Midgut.

Derived characteristics are __________.

Newer.

The behaviors of thysanura include __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Nocturnal; omnivores; very well suited to dry environments; indirect fertilization.

Define: Holometaboly. __________

Complete metamorphosis.

Define: Hemimetaboly. __________

Pupa is a smaller version of the adult minus developed wings.

The only insect that molts after fully developing wings is __________.

Mayfly.

The physical characteristics of mayflies include __________, __________, __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Soft cylindrical body; wings held away from body at rest; short antennae; large compound eyes; forewings are significantly larger than hindwing; two cerci of equal size.

T/F: Mayfly adults must consume large quantities of food to survive. __________

False: adult mayflies do not consume food at all.

The mayfly nymph respiratory system is __________.

Closed tracheal system (no spiracles).

The presence of mayfly nymphs indicates __________.

Good water quality.

The metaboly category for odonata is __________.

Hemimetaboly.

Odonata nymphs are __________.

Aquatic.

The two major suborders of odonata are __________ and __________.

Anisoptera and zygoptera.

Anisoptera are __________ and zygoptera are __________.

Dragonflies; damselflies.

Physical characteristics of the head of anisoptera include __________, __________, and __________.

Short antennae; large touching compound eyes; downward facing mouthparts.

Between anisoptera and zygoptera, which holds their wings together above their body at rest? __________.

Zygoptera.

The mouthpart of odonata nymph is __________.

Prehensile labrum.

All winged insects belong to infraclass __________.

Pterygota.

Paleoptera contains which orders? __________ and __________.

Ephemeroptera and odonta.

The two subdivisions of Neoptera are __________ and __________.

Exopterygota and endopterygota.

The metaboly of exopterygota is __________.

Hemimetabolous.

The wings of plecopteran are __________.

Large, double bellied hindwings that fold flat above the body.

Physical characteristics of the head of plecopterans include __________ and __________.

Bulging eyes; multisegmented antennae.

Stonefly naiads live in __________.

Cold, fast flowing stream with stoney/gravely bottoms.

T/F: Blattodea possess highly sensitive cerci. __________

True.

The egg laying habits of blattodea involve __________.

Laying eggs in an oothecae which may or may not remain attached to the roach; carry eggs in body.

The common name for isoptera is __________.

Termite.

The metaboly of isopterans is __________.

Hemimetabolous.

Do isopterans have cerci? __________

Yes.

Characteristics of termite soldiers include __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Blind; shoot sticky secretions; asymmetrical mouthparts; scleritized.

Characteristics of termite workers include __________, __________, and __________.

Blind; male or female; chewing mouthparts.

Physical head characteristics of mantodea include __________ and __________.

Triangular head; large, widely separate compound eyes.

The front legs of mantodea are __________.

Raptorial.

The hunting strategy of mantodea is __________.

Ambush.

The difference between mimicry and mimesis is __________ and __________.

Mimesis = looking like environment to avoid predation; Mimicry = looking like a more deadly organism to avoid predation.

The mantid egg laying behavior is __________.

Lay eggs in an oothecae which they sometimes guard.

Physical characteristics of grylloblatoddea include __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Small compound eyes; no ocelli; threadlike antennae (if present at all); segmented cerci.

Dermaptera are found in __________.

Humid microhabitats (soil, litter, bark).

The difference between the cerci of male and female dermaptera is __________.

Male cerci are larger and more rounded.

Dermapteran females are __________ mothers.

Very good.

What is so special about order mantophasmatodea? __________

It was discovered as an order VERY recently; they're wingless; walk on their heels.