dysrythmias - NSR, SB, ST, SVT

name the term: ability to initiate an impulse spontaneously

automaticity

name the term: ability for heart to feel completely stimulated

excitability

name the term: ability to transmit an impulse

conductivity

name the term: ability to respond to mechanism and contract

contractility

where is the primary firing mechanism/where the electrical impulse begins

SA node

depolarization is when there is what two things

impulse and contraction

repolarization is when what occurs

relaxation

during a sinus rhythm P wave what is happening

the SA node is firing

right before the QRS segment what occurs

impulse delayed at AV node

during the QRS complex what is occurring

electricity hits the ventricles/heart beat

what causes the T wave

the ventricles relaxing

what if the formula for calculating the HR

QRS complexes in 6 seconds x 10

the autonomic nervous system controls what two things

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

when you hear parasympathetic system you should think

low and slow

when you hear sympathetic nervous system you should think

fight or flight

• pupils expand

• fast and shallow breaths

• heart pumps faster

• gut inactive

these are signals of what kind of system reaction

sympathetic

• pupils shrink

• slow, deep breaths

• heart slows

• gut active

these are signs of what kind of system reaction

parasympathetic

the PNS does what to the rate of the SA node and how

decreases > slows impulse conduction of AV node

the SNS does what to the rate of the SA node and how

increases > increases impulse conduction at AV node and heart contractility

if the nurse sees an artifact on an EKG what is the first thing she should do

check the leads

name the heart rhythm

normal sinus

what is the patho behind sinus bradycardia

the SA node is too slow

• bad perfusion

• cool limbs/skin

• sweaty

• SOB

• chest pain

• confused/disoriented

• hypotension

• syncope or dizziness

these are all S/S of what kind of heart rhythm

sinus bradycardia

symptomatic bradycardia is when the HR is _______ and inadequate for the patient’s condition

<60bpm

if a patient has bradycardia but has no symptoms (and is not an athlete) is it an emergency; what should the nurse do

no - just monitor

what daily activity can cause a person to “vagal down” which can cause bradycardia

bearing down

what is the number one treatment for bradycardia

atropine

besides atropine, what are two other options to treat bradycardia

pacemaker and stop offending drugs

the patient has sinus bradycardia and is symptomatic - besides symptoms and VS what should the nurse include

if the P wave is normal or inverted

what heart rhythm is this

sinus bradycardia

• dizziness

• dyspnea

• hypotension

• angina in patients with CAD

these are all manifestations of what heart rhythm

sinus tachycardia

treatment for sinus tachycardia is guided by

the cause

what are the two least intrusive interventions the nurse can have the patient do for sinus bradycardia

bear down and breath into a straw

what medication class can be given to help with sinus tachycardia

beta blockers

what is a nursing intervention that can help with sinus tachycardia if the patient already has an IV

give fluids

when there is a dysrhythmia what decreases

cardiac output

• hypotension

• dyspnea

• angina

• HR 150-220 bpm

• anxiety

• SOB

these are all manifestations of what kind of heart rhythym

SVT

what are commonn causes of SVT

stress, stimulants, dehydration

what is the first thing the nurse can do as the least invasive intervention for SVT

vagal stimulation

what is the first line of medication for SVT

IV adenosine

what does IV adenosine do to treat SVT

restarts the firing mechanism

what is the second line of medications to treat SVT

beta blockers

what is the third line of medications to treat SVT

ca channel blockers

is adenosine given fast or slow

fast

what heart rhythym is this

SVT