GOHS AP Biology - Ch. 52 Intro to Ecology & the Biosphere

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering key concepts from the notes for Ch. 52: Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere.

Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between __ and their environment.

organisms

The interactions between organisms and their environments determine the and of organisms.

distribution; abundance

Abiotic factors are non-living factors such as __.

temperature

Abiotic factors are non-living factors such as __.

light

Abiotic factors are non-living factors such as __.

water

Abiotic factors are non-living factors such as __.

nutrients

Biotic factors are the __ components.

living

Organismal ecology focuses on the ways individuals __ with the environment.

interact

A population is a group of individuals of the same species living in a __ geographic area.

particular

A community consists of all the organisms of all the species that inhabit a __ area.

particular

Community ecology examines the interactions between populations, and how factors such as __, __, and __ affect community structure and organization.

predation; competition; disease

An ecosystem consists of all the abiotic factors in addition to the entire __ of species that exist in a certain area.

community

Ecosystem ecology examines the __ flow and cycling of chemicals among the various abiotic and biotic components.

energy

Transplanted species often __ to occupy a new area.

explode

An example of an exotic/introduced species mentioned in class is the __.

African honeybee

Predator removal experiments can show how predators __ distribution of prey species.

limit

Abiotic factors affect the __ of organisms.

distribution

Temperature: some organisms can only tolerate specific ranges of __.

temperature

Some organisms can only tolerate either fresh or __ water.

salt

Sunlight provides energy that drives nearly all __.

ecosystems

Wind amplifies the effects of temperature by increasing heat and __ loss.

water

Rocks and soil: the physical structure and mineral composition of soils and rocks limit distribution of __ and the animals that feed upon them.

plants

Climate is the __ weather conditions in an area.

prevailing

Temperature, water, light, and wind are major components of __.

climate

Climate determines the makeup of __, the major types of ecosystems.

biomes

Temperature and __ are major climatic factors determining distribution of organisms.

water

Global climate patterns are largely determined by __ and the planet’s movement in space.

sunlight

The sun’s warming effect on the atmosphere, land, and water establishes the temperature variations, cycles of air movement, and evaporation of water that are responsible for __ variations in climate.

latitudinal

The angle of the earth’s __ is responsible for seasonal variations.

axis

Ocean currents can influence climate in __ areas.

coastal

Mountains affect rainfall greatly (rain __).

shadow

Ponds and lakes are sensitive to seasonal temperature __.

change

Turnover brings __ water from the surface of lakes to the bottom.

oxygenated

Turnover also brings nutrient-rich water to the __.

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