FINALS ENT

What are tonsil retractors for?

retract soft palate and tonsillar fossa

• Hurd

• Pillar

What are mouth gags for

Hold mouth open during tonsil/adenoid surgery

• Davis

• Mcivor

What are ear suctions

Delicate suction tips

• Frazier

• Rosen

• House

• Baron

What are takahashi forceps

Long, thin, pistol-grip, used in nasal/sinus procedures

What are cotton elevators for?

For tissue elevation, cutting cartilage

What is a specula?

Nasal or ear specula to visualize cavities

What is a Myringotomy knife

Small knife for eardrum incision

What is a butter knife for?

For nasal fractures

What is a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy? (T&A)

Removal of tonsils and/or adenoids, Often in children

What is an myringotomy tubes?

Incision and the tympanic membrane to relieve fluid; tympanostomy Tubes placed

What is a septoplasty?

Correcting deviated septum

What is a stapedectomy?

Middle ear surgery to replace states and restore hearing (Requires microscope)

What is a mastoidectomy?

Removal of diseased, mastoid air cells behind ear

What is a laryngectomy?

Partial or total removal of larynx (cancer)

What is a uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)

Removal of excess soft tissue in throat to treat sleep apnea

What is a FESS

Sinus surgery to clear blocked sinus pathways

What is a parotidectomy?

Removal of parotid gland (tumor)

Which procedure creates an opening in the tympanic membrane

myringotomy

Which instrument is described as having a pistol grip and is very popular to use in septoplasty procedures

Takahashi forceps

Why is a microscope required for stapedectomy

Because of how small and delicate ear structures are, it is required to see and manipulate the structures correctly

Which instruments hold the mouth open during tonsillectomy

Mouthgag

Which cartilage closes over the larynx During swallowing

Epiglottis

What is the purpose of making a small incision in the tympanic membrane?

Drain fluid/ relieve pressure

Which type of ENT forceps has a pistol grip handle and is often used in nasal surgeries

Takahashi nasal forceps

What is the function of the epiglottis during swallowing

Protects trachea

Why is it important to engage the safety on powered instruments before changing burs or when not in use

To prevent injury

What procedure is commonly done for sleep apnea involving the soft palate

U.P.P.P (uvulopalatopharyngealplasty)

What part of the respiratory system connects the pharynx to the lungs

Larynx and trachea

what are the bony structures inside the nose that help regulate airflow called

Turbinates/ conchae

What causes the majority of nasal polyps

Allergies/ inflammation

What is the usually reason for using an operating microscope during ear procedures

Visibility inside ear canal

What are the grape-like sacs in the lung where gas exchange occurs called?

Alveoli

What is the name of the waxy substance that helps protect the ear canal?

Cerumen

Which membrane separates the outer ear from the middle ear

Tympanic membrane

What type of condition often leads to myringotomy and tube placement?

Otitis media/ chronic ear infection

What does “PE” stand for in PE tubes

Pressure equalizer

What is the main goal of a tympanoplasty procedure

Restore hearing

Which instrument type (used in ear surgery) includes picks, suctions, and needles?

Specialized microscopic sets

What should always be done before changing the bur on a powered drill?

safety on

Which tool is used to clean delicate micro ear instruments during surgery

Micro wipe

What is the alternate term for the curved bones inside the nose

Turbinates/ conchae

What causes nasal polyps most commonly

Allergies and inflammation

What is a common reason for preforming nasal septum surgery in adults

Improve airflow

What sinus cavities are the most superior in location

Frontal

What nasal instrument is used to respect the septum and is double-action with forward angles cups

Jansen- midoleton septum forceps

What is the purpose of gently tapping an osteotome during nasal surgery

Remove bone, gently to not damage surrounding structures

What are the names of 2 common mouth gags used during oral surgeries

Davis and mcivor

Which tonsils are located in the nasopharynx and tend to shrink with age

Adenoids/ pharyngeal tonsils

What type of procedure removes tissue from the soft palate to treat sleep apnea

UPPP (uvulopalatopharyngeal)

Which bone is often used as a graft for reconstructing the mandible during neck surgery

Tibia

What airway structure connects the pharynx to the trachea

Larynx

What happens to the diaphragm during inhalation

Contracts and moves down

What structure prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing

epiglottis

Is the trachea a passageway for both air and food? True or false

False

What is the pleural cavity home to?

Lungs and heart

After entering the lungs, the main airway splits into what?

Bronchus, secondary bronchus,brinchiles

What are the small air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

Alveoli

What procedure involves removing infected or damaged tissue in the mastoid bone?

Mastoidectomy

Which ENT procedure is sometimes performed in an emergency setting?

Tracheostomy

What is the most important piece of equipment needed for a bilateral myringotomy tube (BMT) setup

Which very popular forceps, commonly used in nasal surgery, have a long, thin, pistol-grip design

takihashi

What is another term for a nosebleed

Epistaxis

What type of specialist performs surgeries of the ear, nose, and throat

otorhinolaryngology

What instruments include the baron, Frazier, and Rosen

Suction

Which ENT procedure always requires the use of an operating microscope

Tympanoplasty