Human Development
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43 Terms
Who created this theory?
Psychosexual
Freud
Who created this theory?
Unconcious drives
Freud
Who created this theory?
Operant Conditioning
Skinner
Who created this theory?
Reinforcement
Skinner
Who created this theory?
Behaviorism
Skinner
Who created this theory?
Stimulus
Skinner
Who created this theory?
Humanistic
Maslow
Who created this theory?
Hierarchy of needs
Maslow
Who created this theory?
Developmental Constructivist
Piaget
Who created this theory?
Assimilation + Accomadation
Piaget
Who created this theory?
Cognitive Development
Piaget
What are the four areas of Cognitive Development?
Sensorimotor
Pre-operational
Concrete Operational
Formal operational
Who created this theory?
Psychosocial
Erikson
Who created this theory?
Resolving Crisis
Erikson
Who created this theory?
Sociocultural
Vygotsky
Who created this theory?
Scaffolding
Vygotsky
Who created this theory?
Zone of Proximal Development
Vygotsky
Who created this theory?
Mentor vs Apprentice
Vygotsky
Who created this theory?
Social Learning
Bandura
Who created this theory?
Imitation
Bandura
Who created this theory?
Modeling
Bandura
Who created this study? ‘
Bobo Doll
Bandura
Who created this theory?
Ecological
Brofenbrenner
Define nature
Influence of genes we inherit
Define nurture
Environmental influences that affect development
Define epigenetics
how environmental factors affect genes and genetic expression
Define lifespan perspective
An approach to the study of human development that includes all phases from life to death
Define the ecological systems approach
a perspective on human development that considers all of the human influences from various contexts of development
Define Plasticity
An idea that abilities, personality, and other human characteristics are moldable
Define behaviorism
The theory of human development that studies observable actions
Define classical conditioning
When a living creature learns to associate a neural stimulus with a meaningful stimulus, it gradually reacts to the neural stimulus in the same way
Define reinforcement
In behaviorism, the positive experience that follows a behavior makes it likely to occur again
Define social learning theory
emphasizes the influence of other people - even without reinforcement, people learn via role models
Define cognitive theory
a theory of human development that focuses on how people think - out thoughts shape our attitudes, beliefs, behaviors
Define sensorimotor period
Infants use their senses and motor abilities to understand the world-learning is active without reflection
Define pre-operational period
Children think symbolically with language, yet children are egocentric, perceiving from their own perspective
Define concrete operational
Children understand and apply logic - thinking is limited by direct experience
Define formal operational
adolescents and adults use abstract and hypothetical concepts - they can use analysis, not only emotion
Define informational processing
provides a detailed description of the steps of cognition, focusing on what happens in the brain to cause intellectual growth
Negative reinforcement
removes something negative
Define punishment
decreases the likelihood of occurring again
Define assimilation
experiences are interpreted to fit into or assimilate with old ideas
Define accomadation
old ideas are restructured to include or accommodate new experiences