Final BB Lab Review

what RBCs can be donated to a type A individual?

A, O

what RBCs can be donated to a type B individual?

B, O

what RBCs can be donated to a type AB individual?

A, B, AB, O

what RBCs can be donated to a type O individual?

O

(T/F) Rh positive individuals can receive both Rh positive and Rh negative blood.

true

(T/F) Rh negative individuals can receive both Rh positive and Rh negative blood.

false

what plasma can be donated to a type AB individual?

AB

what plasma can be donated to a type A individual?

A, AB

what plasma can be donated to a type B individual?

B, AB

what plasma can be donated to a type O individual?

A, B, AB, O

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: Rh (D, C, E, c, e, Cw, f, V)?

IgG

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: Kell (K, k, Kpa, Kpb, Jsa, Jsb)?

IgG

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: Duffy (Fya, Fyb)?

IgG

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: Kidd (Jka, Jkb)?

IgG

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: Lewis (Lea, Leb)?

IgM

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: P (P, P1, P1k)?

IgM

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: MNS (M, N)?

IgM

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: MNS (S, s)?

IgG

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: Lutheran (Lua)?

IgM

which immunoglobulin class does this blood system belong to: Lutheran (Lub)?

IgG

what is the % chance the following couple will have an A type baby: AO father and BO mother?

25%

what is the % chance the following couple will have an O type baby: AO father and OO mother?

50%

what is the most serious type of transfusion reaction?

acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (ABO incompatibility)

what sugar is responsible for the A antigen on RBCs?

N-acetylgalactosamine (GALNAC)

what sugar is responsible for the B antigen on RBCs?

D-galactose (GAL)

what sugar is responsible for the H antigen on RBCs?

Fucose (FUC)

what sample is used for DAT?

patient RBCs (one drop of 3-5% suspension of washed RBCs)

what is detected in a DAT?

in vivo sensitization of RBCs with polyspecific reagent (anti-IgG and anti-C3d)

what type of test is used for weak D testing?

IAT (Du test)

what sample is used for weak D testing?

patient RBCs (with anti-D IgG)

what is the first step in weak D testing?

incubate both tubes at 37C for 15 minutes

what is the second step in weak D testing?

spin, read, and record reaction

in weak D testing, what is the result of a positive D tube?

Rh+

in weak D testing, what is the result of a negative D tube?

indeterminate (continue testing)

what is the third step in weak D testing?

wash both tubes 3x in saline

what is the fourth (last) step in weak D testing?

add AHG, spin, read, record reaction

an young adult male has the Rh phenotype of DcE/dCE?

R2ry

an geriatric female has the Rh phenotype of DCE/DCe?

RzR1

what is the most common Rh phenotype?

R1r’

list the 3 most rare Rh phenotypes.

r”r” ; r’r' ; ryr

if a mother is type O and her baby is type A and there is a positive DAT, what is a possible explanantion?

mother’s antibodies can cross placenta and attack baby’s RBCs (HDFN)

what do polyspecific reagents test for in DAT?

IgG and C3d

what type of test is used to demonstrate antibodies that have been attached to RBC?

DAT

(T/F) all Rh- pregnant woman need RhoGAM.

true

(T/F) all Rh+ pregnant woman need RhoGAM.

false

(T/F) a newly pregnant woman comes in for her routine appointment and is provided a type and screen order. her results indicate she is A-. she does not require RhoGAM.

false

(T/F) you are the new CLS in day shift. you did an antibody screen on a patient and suspected they have a possible anti-D. you should compare with additional donor cells that are positive AND negative for the D antigen.

true

(T/F) HDFN is associated with a positive DAT.

true

(T/F) Hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR) is associated with a positive DAT.

true

(T/F) Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is associated with a positive DAT.

true

what clinical condition refers to maternal IgG crosses placenta barrier and binds to infant RBCs?

HDFN

what clinical condition refers to transfused recipient antibody binds to donor RBCs?

hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR)

what clinical condition refers to a medical condition or drug-induced phenomenon that creates antibodies towards RBCs?

autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)

what form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia is associated with IgM antibodies?

cold

what form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia is associated with IgG antibodies?

warm

what is the principle of the AHG test?

AHG from immunized nonhuman species bind to human globulins (IgG or C3d) free in serum or attached to RBC antigens

what is your next course of action if you do not get a positive reaction after adding check cells to your negative tubes?

repeat test

what are 3 common technical errors that may cause you to NOT get a positive reaction after adding check cells to your negative tubes?

inadequate washing, nonreactive AHG reagent, failure to add AHG reagent

what antibody is most commonly associated with HDFN?

anti-D (anti-K)

what antibodies can cross the placenta?

IgG

a recurring patient has come in to ask about her inconsistent pregnancies. she has been pregnant 3 times: her first baby was healthy, her second baby had jaundice and required blood transfusion, and her third baby was stillborn. what is the likely cause?

Rh HDFN (alloimmunization)

(T/F) for plasma transfusions, Rh does not need to be considered.

true

other than ABO and Rh, what is the next most commonly seen blood system in the blood bank?

kell (anti-K)

how are weaker reactions with anti-D categorized?

quantitative (genetic), position effect, partial/mosaic D antigen (missing parts)

what is the “second” most important thing in blood bank LOL?

COMPATIBILITY