Economics PRATIQUE DE LA LANGUE

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103 Terms

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the economy

l’économie

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an economic policy

une politique économique

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planning

la planification

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planned economy

l’économie planifiée

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(free) market economy

l’économie de marché

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free enterprise

la libre entreprise

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economic self-sufficiency, autarky

l’autarcie

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supply and demand

l’offre et la demandeg

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gobalization

la mondialisation

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nationalization, privatization

la nationalisation, la privatisation

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deregulation

la déréglementation

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the consumer society

la société de consommation

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the market

le marché

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a budget

un budget

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a subsidy

une subvention

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government spending, public spending

les dépenses publiques

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capitalist, capitalistic

capitaliste

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a cut(back), a reduction

une réduction

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to boost, to stimulate, to reflate

doper, relancer

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to subsidize

subventionner

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to nationalize =/= to privatize

nationaliser =/= privatiser

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to curb, to stem, to check

juguler, frein

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to cut(back, down), to reduce

réduire

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to scale back, down

réviser à la baisse

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to lower =/= to raise

baisser =/= augmenter

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raw materials

les matières premières

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heavy =/= light industry

l’industrie lourde =/= légère

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the iron and steel industry

la sidérurgie

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shipbuilding

la construction navale

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manufacturing

la fabrication

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consumer goods

les biens de consommation

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a processing industry

une industrie de transformation

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a high-tech industry

une industrie de pointe

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a merchant

un marchand, un négociant

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an industrialist

un industriel

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a manufacturer

un fabricant

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the public service

la fonction publique

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the civil service

la haute fonction publique

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a public worker

un fonctionnaire

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a civil servant

un haut fonctionnaire

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primary, secondary, tertiary

primaire, secondaire, tertiaire

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public =/= private

public =/= privé

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an index

un indice, un indicateur

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buying power, purchasing power

le pouvoir d’achat

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the standard of living

le niveau de vie

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the cost of living

le coût de la vie

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the per capita income

le revenu par habitant

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consumer spending

les dépenses des ménages, de consommation

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growth

la croissance

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the industrial output

la production industrielle

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productivity

la productivité

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the balance of trade, the trade balance

la balance commerciale

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a deficit =/= a surplus

un déficit =/= un excédent

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inflation =/= deflation

inflation =/= déflation

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inflationary

inflationniste

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runaway, rampant

galopant

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creeping

rampant

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productive

productif

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an outlook, prospects

des perspectives

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a rise, an increase

une hausse

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a decrease, a fall, a drop

une baisse, une chute

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a slowdown

un ralentissement

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a boom

un “boum” économique

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a crisis

une crise

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a slump, a recession

un marasme, une récession

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a plunge, a collapse

une chute brutale

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a recovery

une reprise

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short-term =/= long-term

à court =/= à long terme

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lasting, sustainable

durable

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to fluctuate, to seesaw

fluctuer, osciller

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to go up, to rise, to increase

augmenter, s’accroître

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to soar, to surge

monter en flèche, exploser

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to skyrocket =/= to nosedive

s’envoler =/= plonger

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to peak

culminer

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to top

dépasser

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to slow down, to slacken

ralentir

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to level off

se stabiliser

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to go down, to drop, to decrease, to fall

baisser

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to sag, to wane

fléchir

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to weaken, to falter

faiblir

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to lose ground

perdre du terrain

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to plunge, to plummet

plonger

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to collapse, to tumble

s’effondrer

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to pick up, to rally

se redresser, reprendre

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the underground economy

l’économie souterraine

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down-market =/= up-market

bas de gamme =/= haut de gammes

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market research

une étude, des études de marché

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a 5 percent tax increase, an increase of 5 percent in taxes

une hausse de 5 pourcent des impôts

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production has increased by 0.5 percent

la production a augmenté de 0,5%

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the consumer price index held steady for several years and then rose sharply

l’indice des prix à la consommation est resté stable pendant plusieurs années puis il a augmenté brutalement

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prices have been rising steadily

les prix n’ont cessé de monter

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the forecasts are bleak, gloomy =/= rosy

les prévisions sont pessimistes =/= optimistes

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the country is running a trade surplus =/= a trade gap

le pays enregistre un excédent =/= un déficit commercial du commerce extérieur

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the balance of payments shows a 500 million euro deficit

la balance des paiements enregistre un déficit de 500 millions d’euros

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the Gross Domestic Product

le produit intérieur brut

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the Gross National Product

le produit national brut

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state-owned companies account for 20% of the country’s riches

les entreprises publiques représentent 20% de la richesse du pays

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the G8 (group of 8)

le G8 (groupe des huit)

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the international monetary fund (IMF)

Le fonds monétaire international (FMI)

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the organisation for economic co-operation and development (OECD)

l’organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE)