ORIGINS OF SOFTWARE

Early Days (1940s–1950s)

Computers were huge, expensive, and programmed using machine language (binary 1s and 0s).

Assembly language

Made computers in the early daysslightly easier by using short codes instead of pure binary.

Early Days (1940s–1950s)

Where software was often bundled with hardware.

Early Days (1940s–1950s)

1. Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)

2. Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC)

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)

The first general-purpose electronic digital computer.

Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC)

Developed during World War II by the U.S. military to calculate artillery firing tables.

Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC)

Pioneering line of electronic digital computers developed in the United States.

Universal Automatic Computer (UNIVAC)

The first commercial computers designed for business and general-purpose use.

The Birth of High-Level Languages (1950s–1960s)

1. Formula Translation (FORTRAN)

2. Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL)

Formula Translation (FORTRAN)

• a high-level programming language primarily used for scientific and numerical computing.

• known for its performance and is still used in various scientific and engineering fields today.

Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL)

a high-level programming language primarily used for business, finance, and administrative systems

Common Business-Oriented Language (COBOL)

one of the first standardized languages and is still used in many legacy systems, particularly in finance and government.

Software Industry Emerges (1970s–1980s)

1. Personal Computer

2. Operating System

3. The First Spreadsheet Program

Personal Computer

a digital computer designed for individual use, typically for tasks like word processing, internet browsing, gaming, and multimedia playback.

Operating System

essential system software that manages a computer's hardware and software resources, providing common services for computer programs.

The First Spreadsheet Program

considered a killer application for the Apple II, as it helped popularize personal computers for business use.

Modern Software Era (1990s–Today)

• GUI replaced text-only screens.

• Rise of Internet-based software.

• Mobile apps and AI-powered tools dominate today’s software landscape.

Apple II (haha groomer) and IBM

Examples of Personal Computer

Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS)

Example of an Operating System

Visible Calculator (VisiCalc)

The First Spreadsheet Program was called?

Graphical User Interface

GUI stands for?

Command Line Interface

CLI stands for?