Ap world vocab 17

Bolsheviks

Radical marxist group led by Lenin that seized power in Russia and established a communist goverment

Bolshevik Revolution

1917 revolution in which the Bolsheviks overthew the Porvisional goverment and took control of Russia

Vladimir Lenin

Leader of the bolsheviks and first head of the soviet union

(USSR)

Communst state formed in 1922 after the russian civil war

Tsar Nicholas II

Last russian emperor, overthrown during the russian civil war

Bloody Sunday

1905 massacre of peaceful protestors in Russia, weakening trust in the Tsar

Romanovs

Dynasty that ruled Russia for over 300 years until 1917

Duma

Russian parliment created after the 1905 revolution with limited power

New Economic Power (NEP)

Lenin’s policy allowing limited capitalism to rebuild Russia’s economy

Communism

Economic system where property is collectively owned and class divisions are eliminated

Command Economy

Economic system where the goverment controls production and distribution

Soviets

Local councils of workers and soilders that supported the Bolsheviks

Mexican Revolution

Violent uprising (1910-1920) that overthrew dictatorship and sought land reform

Porfirio Diaz

Mexican dictator whose rule favored elites and foreign investors

Francesco Madero

Revolutionary leader who helped overthrow Diaz and became president

Francisco Pancho Villa

Revolutionary general who supported land reform for peasants

Emiliano Zapata

Peasant leader who demanded land redistribution in southern Mexico

Victoriano Huerta

Military dictator who seized power after overthrowing Mexico

Lazaro Cardenas

Meixcan president who carried out major land reforms

Venustiano Carranza

Leader who helped establish Mexico’s 1917 constitiution

Alvaro Obregon

Revolutionary general and later president who stablized Mexico

Ten tragic days

Violent events leading to Madero’s overthrow and assination

Conventionistas

Revolutionary faction supporting Villa and Zapata

Constitutionalistas

Revolutionary faction supporting Carranza and Obregon

Qing Dynasty

Last imperial dynasty of China, collpased in 1911

Sun Yat Sen

Leader of the chinese nationalist movement and founder of the republic

Kuomintang

Chinese nationalist party seeking to modernize China

Chiang Kai Shek

leader of the Kuomintang who fought communists

May fourth movement

1919 student protests against imperialism and traditional culture

Chinese Communist Party (CCP)

Communist political party founded in 1921

Mao Zedong

Leader of the chinese communist revolution

The Long March

Communist retreat that strengthened Maos leadership

People’s republic of China

Communist state established in 1949

Great Leap Forward

Mao’s economic program that caused widespread famine

Cultural revolution

Mao’s movement to remove opposition and reinforce communism

Red Guards

Youth groups enforcing Mao’s communist ideology

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

Founder of modern, secular Turkey

Republic of Turkey

Nation created from the Ottomans empire collpase

Indian national congress

Political party leading to India’s independence movement

Mohandas Gandhi

Leader of the indian independence using nonviolent resistance

Amritsar Massacre

British killing of indian protestors in 1919

Salt March

Gandhi led protest against British Salt taxes

Civil disobedience

Peaceful refusal to obey unjust laws

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

Leader advocating for a sperate Muslim state

Muslim League

Political group supporting Muslim interests in India