Intro to Africa and India colinalization

Define/ Answer these Key Terms to prepare for the test using the Google Slides and the short Section Readings Intro- Imperialism

***4 causes of Imperialism- list and define.***  

***1 economy, 2 political/military 3 religion 4 social Darwinism***

***5 Reasons Europeans succeeded- explain***

1\.***Weapons and technology 2. The Africans were fighting each other 3. Older civilizations were falling apart  4. New nations are not strong enough to stand up 5. Effects of the slave trade***

***Why were the British so successful at Imperialism?***

***Imperialism (definition)***

***The domination of one country over another country or region***

***What two countries in Africa were able to remain independent?***

***Ethiopia, Liberia*** 

Berlin conference

***European leaders met and decided how to divide up Africa between the European nations. Gave King Leopold of Belgium claim to the Congo and called for free trade on the Congo and Niger River. (**Personal claim**)***

Suez canal

Connected the Mediterranean and red seas (Egypt)

Leopold II

***Belgium king that claimed the Congo and called for free trade on the Congo and Niger River and he made it a personal claim (he and is family own the land)***

Shaka

A ruthless and brilliant leader from Southern Africa

Menelik II

Ethiopian emperor in 1889. Wars able to modernize his nation and his army

Boers

Dutch farmers who live in South Africa

Boer war

***Ended up in a british victory and South Africa was now self governing under british control.***

Savory toure

***Leader of the malinke people, was able to fight off french rule for 15 years but was over thrown in 1898 and the french ruled west africa***

Scramble for africa

When the entire continent except Ethiopia and Liberia was taken from the african natives

What were the causes and effects of the sepoy mutiny/ rebellion

Causes because of gun ammunition being made of animal fat (pig and cow) Angry sepoys revolted and rebellion spread. British men and women and children were killed

Raj

***the British government ended Company rule and placed India under Britain’s control***

Sati

***A widow had to commit suicide and be burned on her husband’s funeral pyre***

British east India company

***controls 3/5ths of India, British East India Company gets trading rights on the fringe of the Mughal Native troops to serve anywhere in India and overseasEmpire***

Sepoys

***Native troops to serve anywhere in India and overseas***

Sepoy mutiny/ rebellion

***British men, women and***

***children were massacred by sepoys.***

Indian national congress

***By the late 1800’s a group of western-educated Indians started a nationalist movement***

Muslim league

Was calling for a separate Muslim state

Salt march

***Tens of thousands of Indians were beaten and jailed during the Salt March and the protests***

***that followed.***

Cash crops

***The British had encouraged farmers to grow cash crops (cotton, flax, indigo, coffee)***