FBS 36 | 1st Examination Pt. 1

Chapter 1 (Lecture)

c) Conserving and managing forests to provide a sustained supply of desired values.

Which of the following best describes the primary goal of forestry as defined in the text?

a) Maximizing timber production for economic gain.
b) Preserving forests in their pristine natural state.
c) Conserving and managing forests to provide a sustained supply of desired values. d) Studying the ecological interactions within forest ecosystems.

b) More than 10%

According to the UNEP/CBD definition, what is the minimum tree canopy cover required for an area to be classified as a forest?

a) More than 5%
b) More than 10%
c) More than 25%
d) More than 50%

c) Synecology

The study of the interactions between different species within a forest community is called:

a) Autecology
b) Population ecology
c) Synecology
d) Ecosystem ecology

Coining the term "ecology."

Ernst Haeckel is credited with:

a) Discovering photosynthesis.
b) Coining the term "ecology."
c) Developing the theory of evolution by natural selection.
d) Classifying all living organisms into five kingdoms.

c) Paleoecology

Which branch of ecology focuses on the study of past organisms and their environments?

a) Applied ecology
b) Dendroecology
c) Paleoecology
d) Geographical ecology

c) Experimental approach

Adding different amounts of fertilizer to forest plots to study the effect on tree growth is an example of which approach in forest ecology?

a) Observational approach
b) Modeling approach
c) Experimental approach
d) Survey approach

d) Autecology

Studying the feeding habits of a specific species of forest deer would fall under which area of study?

a) Community ecology
b) Ecosystem ecology
c) Synecology
d) Autecology

b) To understand how forest ecosystems function and change.

Which of the following highlights a key reason for studying forest ecology?

a) To increase the efficiency of timber harvesting.
b) To understand how forest ecosystems function and change.
c) To replace natural forests with monoculture plantations.
d) To promote the conversion of forest land to agriculture.

c) Is responsible for a large percentage of the oxygen produced on land.

The Amazon Rainforest is often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" primarily because it:

a) Has the highest biodiversity of any terrestrial biome.
b) Plays a significant role in global carbon cycling.
c) Is responsible for a large percentage of the oxygen produced on land.
d) Contains the largest number of tree species.

a) 12

Approximately how many Philippine standard basketball courts would fit into 0.5 hectares?

a) 12
b) 8
c) 5
d) 15

• Science,

• Art

• Business

Enumerate three key aspects encompassed by the definition of "Forestry" according to Kimmins (2004).

• Population

• Community

• Ecosystem

• Biomes

• Biosphere

Enumerate the levels of ecological organization, starting from the smallest (excluding "Species").

• Population Ecology

• Community Ecology

• Ecosystem Ecology

• Evolution Ecology

• Geographical Ecology

• Paleoecology

• Applied Ecology

• Dendroecology

• Terrestrial Ecology

Enumerate the branches of ecology.

• Experimental Approach

• Observational Approach

• Modelling Approach

Enumerate three methodological approaches to studying Forest Ecology.

• To understand the natural forest ecosystem and “its carrying capacity”

• Policy formulation to regulate and sustainably manage natural forest ecosystems

• Enables the invention of appropriate technology to reforest and sustainably manage forest lands and landscapes

• Enables proper education of stakeholders to transform them into “people reconciled with nature”

Enumerate the reasons why studying Forest Ecology is important.

Forestry

The science, art, business, and practices of conserving and managing forests and forest lands to provide a sustained supply of forest products, forest conditions, or other values.

Forest

A plant community predominantly of trees and other woody vegetation, growing more or less closely together.

Forest

An ecosystem characterized by more or less dense and extensive tree cover.

Forest

A land area of more than 0.5 ha, with a tree canopy cover of more than 10%, which is not primarily under agricultural or other specific non-forest land use.

Forest Ecology

The study of the structure, composition, and function of forests as landscape ecosystems.

Population Ecology

The branch of ecology concerned with the study of a population, its growth, competition, and means of dispersal.

Community Ecology

The branch of ecology focused on the study of the distribution of animals in various environments.

Ecosystem Ecology

The branch of ecology that deals with the relation and interaction of plant and animal communities with their total environment, including soil formation and chemical cycles.

Evolution Ecology

The branch of ecology concerned with the manner in which all ecological structures and functions have evolved.

Geographical Ecology

The branch of ecology that deals with the distribution of organisms over the world and the factors influencing this distribution.

Paleoecology

The branch of ecology that deals with the organisms and their environment as they existed in the distant geological past.

Applied Ecology

The branch of ecology that focuses on wildlife management, forest conservation, biological control, animal husbandry, and pollution control.

Dendroecology

The branch of ecology that deals with evaluating variations in past and present environments using tree rings.

Synecology

The study of groups of organisms or the community, focusing on interrelationships between species.

Autecology (Species Ecology)

The study of a single species or the relationship of an organism to one or more environmental conditions.

Experimental Approach

An ecological study that involves manipulating environmental variables to observe effects on ecosystems.

Observational Approach

An ecological study that involves observing and recording data from natural environments without intervention.

Modelling Approach

An ecological study that uses mathematical or computational models to simulate ecological processes.

e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."

Amazon Rainforest

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.

Boreal Forest (Taiga)

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada.

Great Bear Rainforest

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."

Black Forest

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.

Dragon's Blood Forest

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.

Hallerbos Forest

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

h) Common in Australia

Eucalyptus plantation

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.

Superior National Forest

a) Characterized by a thick blanket of bluebell flowers.
b) Located in southwestern Germany, known as "Schwarzwald."
c) Spans across Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia.
d) Home to the Kermode bear ("spirit bear") and is a temperate rainforest in Canada. e) Located in South America and known as the "lungs of the Earth."
f) Known for its unique Socotra trees.
g) Found in Minnesota, known for its fall foliage.
h) Common in Australia

False

True or False

0.5 hectares is approximately equivalent to 5 Philippine standard basketball courts.

True

True or False

Ecology was first described as a separate discipline in 1866 by Ernst Haeckel.

False

True or False

Synecology is also known as species ecology.

False

True or False

Autecology focuses on the interactions between different populations within a community.

True

True or False

The experimental approach in forest ecology can definitively establish causality.

False

True or False

The Boreal Forest (Taiga) is the smallest terrestrial biome.

False

True or False

The Amazon Rainforest spans across 5 countries.

False

True or False

Studying the food requirements of the Spirit bear is an example of synecology.

False

True or False

Modeling approaches in forest ecology are always completely accurate and reflect real-world conditions perfectly.