War and warfare literature key details
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86 Terms
When written script started to be used
8th century BCE
Public storytellers who would recite a poem and play a lyre
Bards
When Homer’s poems were written down
750-650 BCE
Where Homer is believed to be from
Eastern Aegean, possibly Chios
Meter used by Homer
Hexameter
Helen’s former husband in Greece
King Menelaus of Sparta
How long the Trojan war lasted
10 years
Number of books in the Iliad
24
How long the Iliad takes place over
55 days
How many days pass in book 1
22
How many days pass in books 2-22
5
How many days pass in the books 23 and 24
23
Overall commander of the Greek forces in the Trojan war who Achilles got into a quarrel with
Agamemnon
Name of Achille’s slave girl taken from him in battle
Briseis
Achille’s people that he withdrew from the fight
The Myrmidons
Achilles’ parents
Thetis and Peleus
Achilles’ friend who put on his armour and died
Patroclus
Who made Achilles’ new armour and shield
Hephaistos
How many times Hector was chased around the walls of Troy
3
Goddess sent by Zeus to tell Priam to prepare to go to the Greek camp with a ransom
Iris
God that escorted Priam to Achilles’ tent
Hermes
How long the truce was for Priam to bury Hector
11 days
Aidos
Shame
Time
Honour
Kleos
Glory
Diomedes’ father he is compared to unfavourably by Agamemnon in book 4
Tydeus
Scene where a hero has his greatest battle in epic poetry
Aristeia
Aeneas’ parents
Aphrodite and Anchises
Gods that side with the Trojans in the Trojan war
Apollo, Ares, Aphrodite
Gods that side with the Greeks in the Trojan war
Athena, Hera, Poseidon
Son of Priam that advises Hector to tell the women of Troy to make offerings to Athena
Helenus
Trojan warrior that Diomedes meets on the battlefield but doesn’t fight due to xenia
Glaucus
Glaucus’ ancestor
Bellerophon
Xenia
Guest friendship
Hector’s parents
Hecabe and Priam
Hector’s wife and child
Andromache and Astyanax
Hector’s brother that Athena disguises as during his fight with Achilles
Deiphobus
When the Messenian helots rose up against their status and fought a brutal war against their Spartan masters
7th century BCE
Horace’s early life
Born the son of a freedman in Venusia in Southern Italy
Army Horace fought in
Brutus’ army
Term that meant Horace could return to Rome
General amnesty granted by Augustus
Who was in charge of the circle of poets that aimed to glorify Augustus
Maecenas
When Horace was introduced to Maecenas
31 BCE
When Horace published the first 3 books of the odes
23 BCE
Style Horace wrote in
Lyric poetry
Number of stanzas in the odes
8
Bundle of rod with a projecting axe blade used as a symbol of a magistrate’s power
Fasces
Who the cult referenced in ‘rites of Ceres’ worshipped and where
Demeter at Eleusis near Athens
When and where Virgil was born
Near Mantua in Northern Italy in 70 BCE
First set of poems Virgil published
The Eclogues
When Virgil died
19 BCE
When the Romans had almost no literary tradition because it was focused on agriculture
Before the third century BCE
Meter the Iliad was written in
Hexameter
Number of prophecies to Rome’s future in the Iliad
3
Number of visions Aeneas has in the Iliad
3
Which book was the prophecy where Jupiter said he will allow Rome to have a limitless empire that will be brought to peace under Augustus
Book 1
Which book was the prophecy where Anchises shows Aeneas a parade of Romans in the future
Book 6
Which book is Aeneas given a new shield with scenes of Roman history on it
Book 8
Which book is Aeneas required to abandon Dido
Book 4
Number of books in the Aeneid
12
Book in the Aeneid where Aeneas arrives at the shores of central Italy
Book 7
Who was Dido
Queen of Carthage, refugee from Tyre in Phoenicia
Trojan priest that warned the horse was a trick
Laocoon
Greek spy that convinced the Trojans the horse was a gift to Athena
Sinon
Gods helping the Greeks destroy Troy
Neptune, Juno, Minerva and Jupiter
Aeneas’ wife when he fled
Creusa
Where Aeneas reached when he realised Creusa was not with them
Holy mound of Ceres
Which book- Achilles refuses to fight and Thetis asks Zeus to give the Trojans the upper hand
Book 1
Which book- Zeus stops the gods from taking part in the battle so the Trojans gain the upper hand
Book 8
Which book- Agamemnon attempts to apologise to Achilles so he can re-join the battle
Book 9
Which books- Zeus takes his eyes off events and Poseidon helps the Greeks
Books 13 and 14
Which book- Zeus wakes up and restores the Trojan fortunes
Book 15
Which book- Patroclus dies
Book 16
Which book- Fight over the body of Patroclus
Book 17
Which book- Achilles hears of Patroclus’ death and is determined to kill Hector
Book 18
Which book- Achilles and Agamemnon make up
Book 19
Which book- Final fight between Achilles and Hector
Book 22
Which book- Achilles holds funeral games for Patroclus
Book 23
Which book- Priam retrieves Hector’s body from Achilles
Book 24
Which book- Pandarus wounds Diomedes
Book 5
Elderly priest of Apollo who tells Aeneas the Greeks snuck in
Panthus
Trojan who is in love with Cassandra and fights with Aeneas
Coroebus
Son of Achilles who kills Polites and Priam after breaking into the palace
Pyrrhus
Mother of Aphrodite
Dione
Diomedes’ grandfather
Oeneus
Who (Diomedes or Glaucus) had better armour
Glaucus