AP 10 Environmental Issues, Disaster Management, and Globalization Reviewer

Vocabulary flashcards covering environmental management laws, sustainable development, disaster management frameworks, and periods and aspects of globalization.

R.A 9003

Ecological Waste Management of 2000 law requiring the creation of the National Solid Waste Management Commision and Materials Recovery Facility (MRF), and prohibiting waste disposal in public places.

R.A 9275

Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 requiring the DENR to prepare a national water quality status report and LGUs to prioritize sewerage-septage projects.

R.A 8749

Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999 establishing an air quality improvement framework as the official blueprint for air pollution control.

Multilateralism

Cooperation between at least three states or countries.

The Emission Cap Report 2022: The Closing Window

A report stating that emissions must be reduced by 7.6 percent each year from 2023 to 2030, noting China and India have not reached peak emissions.

Adaption Cap ng UNEP 2022: Too little, Too Slow

UNEP report highlighting insufficient adaptation funding, noting 29 milyon in financial support provided while 160 bilyon is needed annually.

Kunning-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework

Framework formed in disyembre 2022 at the UN biodiversity conference consisting of four goals and 23 targets to slow biodiversity loss by 2030.

Sustainable Development Goals

17 goals adopted by UN member states as part of the 2030 Global agenda establishing a 15-year plan.

Perspektibang Pang-Ekonomiya

Sustainable development approach focusing on increased use of products and services to enhance human well-being while maintaining economic capital (Goals 1, 8, 9, 12).

Perspektibang Pang-Ekolohikal

Sustainable development approach focusing on biophysical system stability to maintain nature's capacity to withstand adverse events, disasters, or climate change (Goals 6, 7, 11, 13, 14, 15).

Perspektibong Sosyo-Kultural

Sustainable development approach utilizing knowledge of indigenous groups, community organizations, and local communities to reach individual and group goals (Goals 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 16, 17).

Hazard

Danger, threat, or warning preceding a disaster, as categorized by Ondix at Rodito (2009).

Anthropogenic Hazard

A hazard resulting from human activities.

Natural Hazard

A hazard caused by nature.

Disaster

The damaging outcome when a threat occurs, causing harm to humans, the environment, and economic activities.

Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act of 2010 (PDRRM)

Legislation designed to prepare for and address various calamities through unity among different sectors and community members.

Community Based-Disaster and Risk Reduction Management Approach

An approach where citizens themselves identify, analyze, respond to, monitor, and assess risks in their community.

Bottom-Up Approach

A disaster management strategy where the experiences and views of people living in disaster-prone areas serve as the primary basis for planning and problem-solving.

Top-Down Approach

A disaster management framework where planning, policy development, and monitoring are entrusted to higher government agencies while LGUs execute orders.

Globalisasyon

Defined by Ritzer (2011) as the rapid movement or flow of people, things, information, and products across different directions worldwide.

Globalisasyon 1.0

Period from 1492-1800 driven by European exploration led by Spain and Portugal, including Christopher Columbus's exploration of the New World.

Globalisasyon 2.0

Period lasting until the year 2000 driven by multinational companies, the steam engine, and the telegraph.

Globalisasyon 3.0

Period starting in the year 2000 facilitated by fiber-optic networks, digital technology, and individual technology users.

Globalisasyon 4.0

Period from 2018-2019 identified by the World Economic Forum characterized by artificial intelligence, automation, fast digital connectivity, and a data-driven society.

E-Tourism

A system using websites and smartphone applications within the tourism industry.

E-Commerce

Services using the internet, such as online booking and car booking, to facilitate planning and visits.

United Nations

World peace organization formed on Oktubre 24, 1945 with 51 initial member countries to settle territorial disputes.

International Criminal Court (ICC)

Court with global jurisdiction aiming to hold accountable those responsible for the worst crimes in the world.

World Trade Organization

Global organization tasked with formulating rules and policies for free trade.

The World Bank

International institution providing loans to developing countries to establish infrastructure like schools and hospitals.

International Monetary Fund

Organization offering short term loans to help countries maintain currency value and pay foreign debts.

Association ng Southeast Asian Nation (ASAN)

Regional group aiming to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development in Southeast Asia.

Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

Forum composed of 21 countries aimed at supporting economic growth and prosperity through lower taxes and fair trade.