Combustion Analysis and Stoichiometry

These flashcards cover key concepts from the combustion analysis and stoichiometry lectures, specifically focusing on empirical formulas, the combustion process, and how to perform stoichiometric calculations.

What is combustion analysis used for?

It is used to determine the empirical formula of a compound by analyzing the products formed when a compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen is burned.

What products are formed when burning carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen?

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor (H2O) are formed as products.

In combustion analysis, how can the amount of carbon in the original compound be determined?

The amount of carbon can be determined by measuring the mass of CO2 produced; since each mole of CO2 contains one mole of carbon.

What is an empirical formula?

An empirical formula is a simplified version of a chemical formula that shows the ratio of the elements in a compound in their lowest whole number ratio.

How do you convert grams of a substance to moles?

To convert grams to moles, divide the mass of the substance by its molar mass.

What is the term for the calculations used to relate the amounts of reactants and products in a chemical reaction?

Stoichiometry.

When identifying the limiting reactant, what should you look for?

The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed first in a reaction, limiting the amount of products that can be formed.

What is the relation between the moles of reactants and products in a balanced equation called?

The coefficients of the balanced equation represent the mole ratio between reactants and products.

What is the formula to calculate the molarity of a solution?

Molarity (M) is calculated as moles of solute divided by liters of solution.

What happens to the concentration during the dilution of a solution?

The concentration of the solution decreases as the volume increases when diluting with solvent.

What is the formula used for dilution problems?

M1V1 = M2V2, where M is molarity and V is volume.