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Maize
a cereal plant from central America that grows cobs (corn)
Bering Strait
A strait between the Pacific and Artic oceans
Columbian Exchange
a trade between the Americas and Europe that traded plants, animals, and cultures
Encomienda System
a labor system where conquorers got the “rights” to use native people as labor
Caste System
a hierarchy based off of race used by Spanish colonizers
Feudalism
an economic system in Europe focused on land ownership
Capitalism
An economic system based on private ownership of profits
Puritans
a group of English protestants that left Europe because of religious prosecution
Jamestown
one of the first New England colonies in America ran by John Winthrop and the puritans
House of Burgesses
an elected representative element in the Virgian colony government
Maryland Act of Toleration
an act to ensure freedom of religion for Christian settlers
Mayflower Compact
a set of self-governance rules for established England settlers
Triangular Trade
a trade system where one country pays for imports using the exports of another country
King Philip’s War
an armed conflict between a group of Native Americans and New England Colonists and their allies
Chattel Slavery
the complete ownership of another person
The Middle Passage
a journey taken by slave transporting ships to the Americas
Great Awakening
a religious reival in the English colonies
The Zenger Case
a trial that paved the way for freedom of speech in the colonies
Mercantilism
a belief in trading for profit
French and Indian War
a war between the Native American colonies and the French where both sides were supported by Native Americans
Proclamation of 1763
A proclamation made by King George that set limits for where European Colonists could settle
Salutary Neglect
a policy used by the British government against the colonies
Boston Tea Party
a protest by the Ameircan Colonists against the Britsh where Tea was thrown in the Boston harbor
Boston Massacre
an event where British soldiers killed Americans at a protest
Common Sense
A pamphlet written by Thomas Pain which explained why the colonies shouldn’t be controlled by the British government
Republican Motherhood
a term for the attitude towards women’s roles in the emerging United States
Articles of Confederation
the original constitution of the US
Northwest Ordinance
it chartered for a government and gave a way to admit new states to the government
Federalists
a group of people who advocated for multiple states under one government
Anti-Federalists
people who stood against the idea of the federalists
Democratic-Republicans
a major political party founded by Thomas Jefferson
Bill of Rights
the first ten commandments of the United States
Farewell Adress
a speech given by George Washington at the end of his presidency that established two term limits for future presidents
Alien and Sedition Acts
acts that tightened the restrictions on foreign-born Americans and also limited speech against the government
Kentucky and Virgiana Resolutions
political statements made in 1798/1799 where Kentucky and Virginia took the position that the alien and sedition acts were unconstitutional
Pequot War
A war where the Pequot people fought with an alliance of Colonists
Bacon’s Rebellion
An armed rebellion led by Nathanial Bacon in Virginia which happened because William Berkely didn’t drive Native American Indians out of of Virginia
Sugar Act
A tax from the British empire to the colonies that taxed sugar
Stamp Act
A tax from the British empire to the colonies that taxed paper goods
Shay’s Rebellion
A rebellion led by Farmers that happened because of the debt crisis the colonists faced (Happen under AoC)
Whiskey Rebellion
A rebellion led by Farmers that happened because of the taxes on Whiskey (Happened under Delcaration of Independence)
Thomas Jefferson
Leader of the Anti Federalists and established the Democratic-Republican party. Was against ratifying the constitution and helped establish the bill of rights
Alexander Hamilton
Leader of the Federalists and was pro ratification of the Delcaration of Independence
John Jay
Second President of the United States. A federalist who was involved in the XYZ affair, Alien and Sedition Acts, and Midnight appointments
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