DTM

Stage 1

• Low population

• No growth

• High birth rate-no knowledge of family planning

• High death rate-High infant and child mortality.

• poor access to medical care

• Low life expectancy- poor nutrition and disease.

Stage 2

• Rapidly growing population

• High birth rate-Lack of contraception

• Falling death rate- have access to improved medical care and more children survive because of national vaccination programmes.

• More access to food, and less people die from infectious disease.

• Education is still low, many girls are left out of school and marry young.

Stage 3

• High growing population

• population growth begins to slow down -due to improved education

• Falling birth rate-slows down due to improved education

• Low death rate

• Higher life expectancy-medical provision and nutrition have continued to improve.

Stage 4

• High population

• Low birth rate

• Low death rate

• High life expectancy -excellent health care

• Family size is small as people prefer fewer children-due to work pressures and more leisure time.

• Women have full careers and marriage and children is put back to a much later age.

• Some fluctuation in birth rate due to generational differences.

Stage 5

• Falling population

• Low death rate

• Low birth rate - Increasingly people choose not to have children.

• Death rate > birth rate

• Increasing death rates=population size begins to fall.-ageing population