WGU D127 - Mathematics for Elementary Educators III Latest updated version already graded A+ (Solved & updated )

line

A straight one-dimensional figure that extends infinitely in both directions.

perpendicular

Describes lines intersecting each other to form a 90 degree, or right, angle.

circle

The set of all points that are equidistant from a point.

radius

The distance from the center of a circle or sphere to any point on the outer edge.

isosceles trapezoid

Quadrilateral with one pair of parallel opposite sides (the bases) and another pair of equal opposite sides.

interior angle

An angle inside a shape between two joined sides.

square

A quadrilateral with four equal sides and four 90° angles.

regular polygon

A polygon with equal sides and equal angles.

central angle

Shape formed when 2 lines or rays meet with vertex meets only the center point of the circle.

hypotenuse

The largest side of a right triangle, opposite the right angle. Only right triangles have a hypotenuse.

kite

Quadrilateral with two sets of adjacent equal sides and one set of equal opposite angles.

reflex angle

Angles greater than 180°.

vertical line

A line that runs up and down on the coordinate plane, parallel to the y-axis. It has no run, or change in x-value.

parallel

Two lines, line segments, rays, or planes that are the same distance from one another and never intersect.

trapezoid

Quadrilateral with one pair of parallel opposite sides.

bisect

To divide into two equal parts.

isosceles triangle

A triangle with two equal sides and two equal corresponding angles.

angle

The amount of rotation (often measured in degrees) needed to make one line segment, ray, or line identical with another line segment, ray, or line.

inscribed angles

Shape formed when 2 lines or rays meet with a vertex that meets the circumference of a circle.

vertex

A point where two line segments meet to form an angle.

irregular polygon

A polygon whose sides are not all equal and whose angles have different measures.

straight angle

An angle that measures 180 degrees.

line segment

Shortest distance between two points; completely straight with two endpoints.

rectangle

Quadrilateral with four right angles, equal opposite sides, and two sets of parallel opposite sides.

sector

A portion of a circle defined by two radii and an intercepted arc.

triangle inequality theorem

For every triangle, the sum of any two sides is always greater than the third side.

parallelogram

Quadrilateral with opposite, parallel, equal sides and equal opposite angles.

ray

A line with a single endpoint (or point of origin) that extends infinitely in the other direction.

acute angle

Angles less than 90°.

equilateral triangle

A triangle with three equal sides and three angles of 60 degrees each.

x-axis

The horizontal line that passes through the origin on a coordinate plane.

origin

The point on a coordinate plane where the x-axis and y-axis intersect. Typically, the point represents 0 on both axes.

center

The point from which all the points on a circle are equidistant.

right angle

An angle of 90°

diameter

The distance from one side of a circle to the other side that passes through the center point.

pi

An irrational number that is approximately equal to 3.14. It is often used in geometry in the context of circles. This constant is the value of the circumference of a circle with a diameter of 1. It is also the value of the area of a circle that has a radius of 1.

area

The amount of space inside a two-dimensional figure.

complementary angles

Two angles whose sum is equal to 90°.

supplementary angles

Two angles whose sum is equal to 180°.

obtuse angle

Angles greater than 90°, but less than 180°.

coordinates

Identify the location of the point in relation to the axes, or fixed reference lines of the graph. The x- and y-value of a point.

tangent

A straight line that touches a circle at only one point.

legs

The sides of a right triangle not opposite the right angle.

polygon

Closed figure with at least three straight sides.

point

A position in space.

arc

Part of the circumference of a circle or other curve.

quadrilateral

A flat shape with four straight sides and four angles.

scalene triangle

A triangle with sides of three different lengths and angles with three different measures.

degrees

The units in which angles are measured, denoted by the symbol °.

adjacent

Next to.

chord

A line segment that spans a circle. Each end of the line segment is on the edge of the circle.

congruent

Figures with the same size and shape.

diagonal

A line segment with vertices as endpoints that is not an edge.

rhombus

Quadrilateral with four equal sides, equal opposite angles, and two sets of parallel opposite sides.

horizontal line

A line that runs left to right on the coordinate plane, parallel to the x-axis. It has no rise, or change in y-value.

Pythagorean theorem

The sum of each of the shortest sides squared equals the longest side squared.

circumference

The distance around a circle.

coordinate plane

A tool used for graphing that is a display of a two dimensional plane. It consists of an x-axis and a y-axis: the x-axis being a horizontal number line, the y-axis is a vertical number line, and the axes meet at the origin.

y-axis

The vertical line that passes through the origin on a coordinate plane.

pentagon

A polygon with 5 sides and 5 angles.

dilation

A transformation that produces an image that is the same shape as the source figure but a different size. These enlarge or reduce a polygon by a specific scale factor in relation to a given center point.

symmetry

The quality of having the same shape on either side of a central line. In data analysis, the quality of the data having the same shape on both sides of the mean.

transformation

A change to the orientation of a shape.

similar

Two figures have this property if they have the same shape but not necessarily the same size.

ordered pair

Two numbers written in the form (x, y), where x represents the x-value or x-coordinate, and y represents the y-value or y-coordinate.

reflective symmetry

A shape which has the property that if it is reflected about a line, the two sides will be identical.

translation

A transformation that moves a source figure in a specified direction for a specified distance.

scale factor

The ratio of sides of two similar geometric figures.

reflection

An image in which every point is the same distance from a line as a corresponding point on the opposite side of the line.

proportion

A true statement in which two ratios are equal to each other.

image

In translations on the coordinate plane, this is the figure that results from the transformation.

distance formula

A formula for calculating the distance between two coordinates.

line of reflection

A line directly in the middle of two reflected images. All reflected points in the images are the same distance from this line as one another.

prime mark

A mark used to indicate images are the same even after transformations.

quadrants

The four sections of the coordinate plane, separated and defined by the x-axis and y-axis.

rotation

A transformation in which a source is rotated (turned) around a fixed point called the center of rotation.

orientation

The position of a shape.

ratio

Measures one quantity in relation to another quantity.

rotational symmetry

A property of a shape whereby turning it a number of degrees less than 360 creates an identical shape. A shape may have more than one degree measure of rotation that creates an identical shape.

right prism

Three-dimensional figure with two parallel, same-shaped bases and rectangular sides. The bases and sides meet at right angles.

sphere

A three-dimensional object in which all points on the surface are equidistant to the center.

triangular prism

Right prism with a triangular base.

square prism

A right prism in which every shape is a square.

rectangular prism

Right prism with a rectangular base.

pyramid

A three-dimensional object with sides that are triangles and a base that is a polygon.

slant height

Distance from the vertex to the base.

cylinder

A three-dimensional object with two flat ends that are circles or ellipticals and one curved side.

height

Vertical distance that extends from the top of a figure to its base and forms a right angle.

revolution

One full rotation, or 360 degrees.

composite shape

Figure composed of several basic shapes.

surface area

The total area of the exterior of a three-dimensional object.

cone

A three-dimensional object with a circular base and a single, curved side.

square units

A unit that is used to describe a two-dimensional measurement, like area. In geometry, these units measure two-dimensional figures, like rectangles.

apex

A point opposite the base of a pyramid. In a right pyramid, this point is directly centered above the base.

volume

Amount of space inside an object.

pattern

Set of numbers or shapes arranged according to a rule.

perimeter

The sum of the lengths of the sides of a two-dimensional figure.

linear unit

A unit that is used to describe a one-dimensional measurement, like distance or length. In geometry, these units measure one-dimensional figures, like line segments.

base

A side or face of a geometric figure. It is often considered the bottom of a figure. In a two dimensional figure, it is a side. In a three-dimensional figure, it is a face.

Celsius scale

A scale for measuring temperature, with 0 degrees as the freezing point of water and 100 degrees as the boiling point of water. It is the metric unit of measurement for temperature.