Muscles of Facial Expression, Mastication, Neck, Vertebral Column & Eye

Vocabulary flashcards covering key muscles of facial expression, mastication, neck, vertebral column, and ocular movement discussed in the lecture.

Frontalis

Forehead portion of occipitofrontalis; raises eyebrows & wrinkles forehead.

Occipitalis

Posterior belly of occipitofrontalis; pulls scalp posteriorly.

Galea (Epicranial) Aponeurotica

Broad tendon connecting frontalis & occipitalis across the skull.

Orbicularis Oculi

Circular muscle around the eye; closes eyelids (blinking, squinting).

Orbicularis Oris

Circular muscle around the mouth; purses lips (kissing muscle).

Buccinator

Cheek muscle; compresses cheek (whistling, blowing) & holds food between teeth.

Zygomaticus Major

Inferior zygomatic muscle; elevates mouth corners (smiling).

Zygomaticus Minor

Superior zygomatic muscle; elevates upper lip.

Risorius

Draws lip corners laterally (closed-mouth grin).

Levator Labii Superioris

Elevates upper lip; runs beside nose (full name includes alaeque nasi).

Depressor Labii Inferioris

Depresses lower lip (pouting).

Levator Anguli Oris

Raises mouth corner at an angle (assists smiling).

Depressor Anguli Oris

Draws mouth corner downward (frown).

Mentalis

Chin muscle; protrudes lower lip & wrinkles chin skin.

Nasalis

Across nasal bridge; flares nostrils & compresses nasal cartilage.

Platysma

Paper-thin sheet over neck; tenses neck skin & produces grimace.

Corrugator Supercilii

Deep eyebrow muscle; draws brows medially & wrinkles glabella (frown lines).

Temporalis

Fan-shaped muscle on temporal bone; elevates & retracts mandible (closes jaw).

Masseter

Strong cheek muscle from zygomatic arch to mandible; elevates mandible (closes jaw).

Sternocleidomastoid

Runs from sternum & clavicle to mastoid; flexes neck & rotates head.

Trapezius

Large superficial back/neck muscle; elevates, retracts & rotates scapula.

Splenius Capitis

Band-Aid-shaped muscle deep to trapezius; extends & rotates head.

Semispinalis Capitis

Deep to splenius; extends head & opposite-side rotation.

Erector Spinae

Group of deep back extensors maintaining upright posture.

Spinalis Thoracis

Medial column of erector spinae in thorax; extends vertebral column.

Longissimus Thoracis

Intermediate column of erector spinae; extends & laterally flexes spine.

Iliocostalis Thoracis

Lateral column of erector spinae; extends spine & elevates ribs.

Anterior Scalene

Front scalene from cervical transverse processes to first rib; flexes neck & elevates rib 1.

Middle Scalene

Intermediate scalene; similar attachments & actions to anterior scalene.

Posterior Scalene

Rear scalene to second rib; assists neck flexion & rib elevation.

Levator Scapulae

From cervical vertebrae to superior scapula; elevates & rotates scapula.

Digastric (Anterior Belly)

Front belly of V-shaped digastric; depresses mandible & elevates hyoid.

Digastric (Posterior Belly)

Rear belly after trochlea; works with anterior belly to open mouth.

Stylohyoid

Slender muscle from styloid process to hyoid; elevates & retracts hyoid during swallowing.

Mylohyoid

Broad floor-of-mouth muscle; elevates hyoid & tongue, depresses mandible.

Superior Rectus

Eye muscle; elevates, adducts & medially rotates eyeball.

Inferior Rectus

Eye muscle; depresses, adducts & laterally rotates eyeball.

Medial Rectus

Eye muscle; adducts eyeball toward nose.

Lateral Rectus

Eye muscle; abducts eyeball laterally (controlled by abducens nerve).

Superior Oblique

Eye muscle passing through trochlea; depresses & abducts eyeball (controlled by trochlear nerve).

Inferior Oblique

Eye muscle from medial orbit floor; elevates & abducts eyeball.