CIE IGCSE Physics: Transfer of Thermal Energy

Flashcards summarizing key terms and concepts related to the transfer of thermal energy in physics.

Conduction

The transfer of heat from one region to another through particle vibrations and the movement of free electrons.

Thermal Conductors

Solids that easily transfer heat, typically metals.

Insulators

Materials that do not transfer heat well, such as wool and cardboard.

Convection

The main method of heat transfer in liquids and gases, involving the movement of fluid masses.

Convection Current

The movement created when heated fluid rises and cooler fluid moves in to take its place.

Thermal Radiation

Electromagnetic radiation emitted by all objects due to their temperature, primarily in the infrared spectrum.

Greenhouse Effect

The process by which greenhouse gases absorb and re-emit thermal radiation, affecting the Earth's surface temperature.

Free Electrons

Electrons in a metal that can move freely and help transfer thermal energy.

Thermal Equilibrium

The state reached when the temperature is uniform throughout a substance after energy transfer.

Surface Colour and Texture

Factors that influence the rate of thermal radiation emitted and absorbed by an object.