PD Lecture Quiz 7- Pharynx

The oral cavity extends from ___ to ____?

inner surface teeth to the oral pharynx

What forms the hard and soft palate?

Oral Cavity

What does the soft palate terminate as?

Uvula

The tongue forms the floor of the mouth, what can hide here?

cancers

Where do the tonsils lie between?

anterior and posterior pillars

What is the purpose of gums?

Hold teeth in place

What is the medical term for gums?

Gingiva

What are the two types of gingivia?

Maxilla and mandible

What structure connects the lips and gingival?

Frenulum

Gingivia margins are scalloped with?

interdental papillae

The mucous membrane that lines the cheeks is called?

Buccal Mucosa

What is the name of the duct that is the opening of the parotid gland?**

Stensen’s duct

Stentson’s duct opens into buccal mucosa near which molar?**

2nd molar

What’s another name for the Stenson’s duct?**

parotid duct

What is the reddish structure called that is adjacent to the gingivia?

alveolar mucosa

What does the alveolar mucosa merge with?

labial mucosa of the lip

What is the shallow space between gums and each tooth called? (it is probed and measured by dentists)

gingivla sulcus

What does probing tell dentists?

How deep your pockets are

What are people with deep pockets in between teeth at risk for?

gingivitis/ tooth erosion

What is periodontal disease?

Disease of the teeth and bones

What is periodontal disease affect on gingivia and teeth?

loss/resorption of gingivia; tooth loosening and tooth loss

What are the 4 different tissues of the teeth?

Enamel, Dentin, Pulp, and cementum

What is considered the most highly calcified tissue in the body?

enamel

Which tissue is the bulk/largest portion of the tooth?

dentin

What color is the dentin?

brown

If you lose your enamel, does it come back?

No

What tissue lies under the dentin?

pulp

The pulp holds blood supply and the nerve branches of which CN nerve?

CN V (trigeminal nerve)

Which tissue covers the root of the tooth and attaches to the bone?

cementum

What are the teeth of a child called?***

Deciduous teeth

How many deciduous teeth are there?***

20

What are adult teeth called?***

Secondary dentition

How many secondary dentition are there?***

32

Most people have 28 secondary dentition, why?

wisdom teeth removal

What is the main organ of taste?

Tongue

Which bone does the tongue attach to?

The hyoid bone

What are the two functions the tongue aids in?

speech and mastication (chewing)

Which nerve supplies motor movement to the tongue?

CN XII Hypoglossal

What are the large taste buds on the back of the tongue called?

Papillae circumvullate

What are the smaller tastebuds on the main part of the tongue called?

filiform papillae

What is the midline of the tongue called?

medican sulcus

What nerve innervates the taste function of the anterior 2/3 of tongue?***

CN VII (facial)

What nerve innervates the taste function of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?***

CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

What portion of the tongue is responsible for sweet sensation?

anterior 2/3

What portion of the tongue is responsible for the sour and bitter sensation?

posterior 1/3

What portion of the tongue is responsible for the salty sensation?

lateral

What are the white patches called that can be found on the floor of the mouth?

Leukoplakia

What are the red patches called that can be found on the floor of the mouth?

Erythroplakia

Why do a lot of oral cancers originate on the floor of the mouth?

It is never checked on a physical exam

What is the name of the mucuos retention cyst that can be found on the floor of the mouth?***

ranula

What color is a ranula?

bluish

What is the opening of the submandibular gland referred to as?****

Wharton’s duct

What are the raised/rigged folds seen anteriorly on the hard palate?

rugae

Which palate is a concave bone structure?

Hard palate

Which palate is muscular and flexible?

Soft palate

The soft palate lies posterior or anterior to the hard palate?

posterior

What does the uvula aid in?

closing off the nasopharynx during swallowing

What type of palate disformity occurs in only 1:1000 births?

cleft palate

What is Candida inside the mouth called?

Oral thrush

What is the name for the benign bony protrusion on the hard palate?

Torus palatinus

Petechiae of the palate is seen with which 3 diagnosis?

endocarditis, leukemia, and mono

What are the 3 salivary glands in order from largest to smallest?

Parotid, submandibular, and sublingual

Which salivary gland lies anterior to the ear?

parotid

Which salivary gland is located below and in front of the mandible?

submandibular

Which salivary gland is located beneath the tongue?

sublingual

Match the salivary gland with its DUCT: Parotid and Submandibular

Parotid= Stensen’s duct

Submandibular= Wharton’s duct

The sublingual duct drains through numerous small ducts that all terminate at the Duct of ?

Rivinus*** (slide 15)

The largest and major duct of the sublingual salivary gland is called?

Bartholin duct****

What are salivary stones called?

Sialoliths

What can large sialoliths in the mouth lead to?

ductal obstruction, salivary stasis, infection, and bad breath

What causes “kissing tonsils”?

enlargement from infection or tumor

What are deep pockets in the tonsils that can develop with chronic infections?

Crypts

What are 3 infections that cause the tonsils to have an exudate or membrane covering them?

Strep, Mono, and Diphtheria

What does Edentulous mean?

No teeth

Why are oral cancers seen more in males than females?

More men smoke/do not go to dentist

What does the symptom Halitosis mean?

bad breath

What does the symptom Xerostomia mean?

dry mouth

What are oral caries?

cavities

Why do we prophylax or give antibiotics to patients with medical problems (ex: recent hip replacement) before they get any dental treatment?

prevent any infection from occurring in the bloodstream

What do you observe the lips for?

any lumps, lesions, ulcers, cracking, scaliness, or swelling

Where is the vermilion border of the lip?

top lining of the upper lip (where lipstick is put)

What is an aphthous ulcer on the labial muscosa called?

canker sore

What does a black line across the gingivia indicate?

lead poisoning

Gingivitis causes the gums to turn color from pink to?

red

The loss of gingivia causes?

long abnormal teeth

If the tone of the tongue is floppy/falling back on inspection, what does this indicate?

impairment of CN XII hypoglossal

The tongue is normally midline, if the tongue deviates to one side what does this indicate?

cerebral pathology (brain bleed, brain lesion, etc.)

The tongue always deviates to the affected or unaffected side?***

affected (“tongue goes to where the party is”)

If a patient has a right sided brain bleed, the tongue will be deviated to which side?

right

The Uvula will always deviate to the affected or unaffected side?***

unaffected (normal side)

If a patient has a right sided brain lesion, the uvula is going to be deviated to which side?

left

Where is the most common cancer of the mouth found on?

the lip

The SECOND most common cancer of the mouth is found on ?

the tongue

Why would the lip be the most common sight of cancer for the mouth?

sun exposure

What are the CN nerves responsible for the rise and fall of the soft palate and the gag reflex?

CN IX (glossopharyngeal) and CN X (vagus)

What is the CN responsible for hoarseness?

CN X

Mononucleosis is most often confused with what other infection?

strep pharyngitis (has distinct lines on tonsils)

What is the softening and fissuring of skin at edges of mouth?

Angular Cheilitis

What causes Angular Cheilitis?

nutritional deficiency or over closure of mouth

What is a pallor, scaly, thick, and slightly everted lower lip due to excessive sun exposure known as?

Actinic chelitis