STI glossary++++ binuang mani oy

lesion

any abnormal skin change (ulcer, sore, wart)

ulcer

open sore on skin or mucous membrane

chancre

painless ulcer seen in Syphilis

discharge

coming from vagina or urethra

purulent discharge

pus-like discharge (often bacterial infection

pruritus

itching of genital area

dysuria

painful or burning urination

vaginitis

inflammation of the vagina

cervisitis

inflammation of the cervix

Condyloma acuminata

genital warts caused by Human papillomavirus infection (HPV)

condyloma lata

broad, moist wart-like lesions seen in secondary syphilis

herpetic vesicles

small painful blisters in Herpes simplex virus infection

epididymitis

- inflammation of epididymis (often STI-related in males

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) -

- infection of upper reproductive tract (often from chlamydia/gonorrhea

infertility

inability to conceive, complication of untreated STIs

vertical transmission

mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy or birth

contact tracing

identifying and notifying sexual partners

barrier method

prevention method like condoms

recurrent infection

infection that keeps coming back

inflammation

body's response to infection (redness, swelling, pain

STI

infection passed through sexual contact; may be asymptomatic

STD

infection that has developed signs and symptoms

incubation period

time between exposure to infection and appearance of symptoms

reactivation

return of symptoms after a period of latency

shedding

release of virus from body even without symptoms

opthalmia neonatorum

eye infection in newborns usually caused by gonorrhea

carrier

person who is infected but shows no symptoms and can spread disease

latency

stage where infection is present but inactive and without symptoms

Nucleic Acid amplification test (NAAT)

highly sensitive test used to detect STIs

vesicle

small fluid-filled blister (seen in herpes infection

papule

small, raised solid bump on the skin

macule

flat, discolored spot on the skin

rash

widespread skin eruption (common in secondary syphilis

hepatocytes

liver cells that are infected and damaged in hepatitis

donovan bodies

intracellular bacteria seen in granuloma inguinale

bubo

swollen, pus-filled lymph node (common in chancroid

viremia

presence of viruses in the bloodstream

incision and drainage

procedure to release pus from an abscess or bubo

dysplasia

abnormal cell growth that may lead to cancer

jaundice

yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to liver dysfunction

cirrhosis

scarring of the liver due to long-term damage

granuloma

chronic inflammatory lesion formed by immune response to infection

Jarisch-Herxheimer Reaction -

a temporary flu-like reaction (fever, chills) after starting treatment for syphilis

TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS

-is a flagellated protozoan

parasite that causes trichomoniasis

HSV-2

usually genital herpes

trichomoniasis

a sexually

transmitted infection (STI) affecting the urogenital

tract with manifestations in female: frothy, yellow vaginal discharge, foul/fishy odor, strawberry cervix (red punctate spots) ; in male: Often asymptomatic

• If present:

o Urethral discharge

o Burning during urination

o Mild irritation

• Direct skin-to-skin contact

• Oral-genital contact

• Vertical transmission

MODE OF TRANSMISSION of HSV

4-28 days and Around 5 to 7 days after exposure

Incubation period for trichomoniasis

• Typical range:

• Most common onset:

Herpes Simplex Virus

an STD with painful vesicles (blisters), Ulcers after rupture, Swollen lymph nodes

metronidazole (1st line); Tinidazole (alternative)

treatment for trichomoniasis

2-12 days

Incubation period For HSV

avoid alcohol during treatment

patient with trichomoniasis must be educated that they should

• Acyclovir or valtrex 500 mg OD

• Valacyclovir

• Famciclovir

Treatment for HSV

CHLAMYDIA

- is a bacterial sexually transmitted infection

(STI) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, an obligate

intracellular bacterium that infects the mucous

membranes of the urogenital tract

genital to genital contact, oral to oral contact, oral to genital, genital to oral, skin to sore

Type of contact for HSV

Chlamydia trachomatis

an obligate intracellular bacterium that infects the mucous

membranes of the urogenital tract which is the causative agent for Chlamydia

Genital warts

are sexually transmitted lesions

caused by certain types of the Human

Papillomavirus (HPV 6 & 11), characterized by

soft, flesh-colored growths on the genital and

anal areas.

7 to 21 days (1-3 weeks)

Incubation period for Chlamydia

genital warts

an STD with manifestations of:

•Soft, flesh-colored or gray

• Cauliflower-like clusters

• Raised or flat lesions

Chlamydia

an std with its clinical manifestations of

FEMALES:

• Often asymptomatic

• Abnormal vaginal discharge

• Dysuria (painful urination)

• Pelvic or lower abdominal pain

• Bleeding between periods

• Pain during intercourse

MALES:

• Urethral discharge (clear or cloudy)

• Burning sensation during urination

▪ 1-8 months

▪ Average: 2-3 months

Incubation Period for genital warts

AZITHROMYCIN 1g single dose (safe for

pregnants)

• DOXYCYCLINE 2 caps a day for 1 week

Tx for Chlamydia

HPV VACCINE and condoms

prevention for gentil warts

Gonorrhea

is a sexually transmitted infection (STI)

caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a

Gram-negative diplococcus that infects mucous

membranes of the reproductive tract.

•Cryotherapy

• Electrocautery

• Laser therapy

• Surgical removal

• Trichloroacetic Acid

• Gardasil Vaccine (3 dos)

tx for genital warts

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

a Gram-negative diplococcus that infects mucous

membranes of the reproductive tract and a causative agent of Gonorrhea

• Imiquimod

• Podophyllin

• Podofilox

topical meds for genital warts

Gonorrhea

an std with its clinical manifestation in MALES:

• Thick, purulent (yellow/green) discharge

Syphilis

is a chronic sexually transmitted infection

(STI) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum,

characterized by multiple stages with varying clinical

manifestations.

2 to 7 days (can extend up to 14 days)

Incubation period for Gonorrhea

Treponema pallidum

syphilis has a causative agent of

Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT)

gold standard diagnostic test for Gonorrhea

primary, secondary, latent, tertiary stage

stages of manifestations for syphilis

Rocephin IM (Ceftriaxone) or Zithromax (Azithromycin):

1g SD

Tx for Gonorrhea

sexual contact, direct contact w/ lesions, vertical transmission

mode of transmission for syphilis

• Doxycycline

• Rocephin

• Clindamycin

• Gentamicin

Tx for Gonorrhea with Multiple partners w/out condoms

•10 to 90 days

• Average: 21 days

Incubation period for syphilis

Herpes Simplex Virus

is a viral sexually

transmitted infection (STI) that causes painful blisters

or ulcers on the skin and mucous membranes.

penicillin G

what to give to a patient with syphilis

HSV-1 AND HSV-2

2 types of HSV

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

is a group of DNA

viruses that infect the skin and mucous membranes and causes genital warts and cancers

HSV-1

usually oral herpes

•2 weeks to several months (up to 8 months)

• Average: 2-3 months

INCUBATION PERIOD for human papillomavirus (HPV)

Pubic lice (crabs)

are parasitic

infestations caused by Pthirus pubis, small

insects that live on coarse body hair, especially

in the pubic region.

pthirus pubis

causative agent for pubic lice

5 days to several weeks

INCUBATION PERIOD

pediculicide ( permethrin 1%; pyrethrin-based products)

in pubic lice patient should apply

Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)

is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of the normal vaginal flora

vaginal douching

patient with bacterial vaginosis should avoid

metronidazole

most commonly prescribed med for Bacterial vaginosis