Normal Distribution Lecture Flashcards

These flashcards cover key concepts and terminology related to the normal distribution as discussed in the lecture.

Normal Distribution

A probability distribution that is symmetric about the mean, showing that data near the mean are more frequent in occurrence than data far from the mean.

Bell Curve

The graphical representation of the normal distribution, characterized by its bell shape, where mean, median, and mode are all equal.

Cumulative Probability

The probability that a random variable is less than or equal to a certain value.

Z-Score

The number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean, calculated as z = (x - μ) / σ.

Variance (σ²)

A measure of how far a set of numbers is spread out from their average value.

Standard Normal Distribution

A normal distribution with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1.

Probability Density Function

A function that describes the relative likelihood for a random variable to take on a given value, particularly for continuous distributions.

Percentile

The value below which a percentage of observations in a group falls.

Standardization

The process of transforming a normal random variable into a standard normal variable by adjusting for the mean and standard deviation.

Poisson Distribution

A discrete probability distribution that expresses the probability of a given number of events occurring in a fixed interval of time or space.