Chapter 6 MED TERM

What moves the bones?

muscles

Flexible tissue connecting muscles to bones?

Tendons

Tougher tissue connecting bones to bones?

Ligaments

Rubbery covering on ends of bones (chondr/o)?

Cartilage

Latin roots oste/o and skelet/o mean?

bone

Latin roots my/o and myos/o mean?

muscle

Latin roots arthr/o and articul/o mean?

joint

Most moveable joints have what kind of fluid?

Synovial fluid

Physicians for skeletal and muscular conditions?

Orthopedists

How many bones and muscles are in the body?

206 bones, about 640 muscles

Bones store which mineral and make which cells?

Calcium, Blood cells

Skeletal muscles move us, help posture, and create what to maintain body temperature?

heat

The reduction or wasting away of muscle is called blank because the prefix a means

atrophy, without or absence of

Progressive muscle weakness that arises during development is called blank because the prefix dys means

dystrophy,  bad, painful, or difficult

Excessive muscle growth or development is called blank because the prefix hyper

means

hypertrophy, abnormally high

The suffix “algia” means

pain

Pain in the bones =

Ostealgia

Pain in the joints =

arthralgia

Pain in the muscles =

Myalgia

Kinetic energy is moving energy so “kinesia” means

motion

Slowness of movement = blank because the prefix brady means

bradykinesia, slow

Difficulty in movement = because the prefix dys means

dyskinesia, difficult.

Inflammation of bone = BLANK because the suffix itis means BLANK

osteitis, inflammation

Abnormal loss of bone density = BLANK because the suffix porosis means BLANK

osteoporosis, holes

The softening of bone = BLANK because the suffix malacia means BLANK

osteomalacia, softening

An aggressive form of bone cancer = BLANK because the suffix oma means BLANK

osteosarcoma, CANCER

The type of joint inflammation involving the ends of bones = because the combined word root and suffix arthritis means JOINT INFLAMMATION

osteoarthritis, joint inflammation

Inflammation of many muscles?

Polymyositis

Serious failure of muscles to respond to nerve stimulation =

myasthenia gravis

Widespread pain in muscular and skeletal structures =

fibromyalgia

“Spondyl” refers to the

vertebrae in your backbone

Inflammation of the joints of vertebrae =

spondylarthritis

Abnormal adhesion of vertebrae causing a rigid spine =

ankylosing spondylitis

“Chondr/o” means

cartilage

Abnormal lack of growth due to cartilage not forming = BLANK because the prefix a means “not” and the suffix plasia means

achondroplasia, formation

Inflammation of the cartilage in joints =

When you sprain your ankle, you tear the

ligament between the ankle bones.

When you strain your quadriceps, you tear the fibers of your

muscle or tendon

Sprain tears which structure?

ligament

Strain tears which structure?

muscle or tendon

Fluid-filled sac around joints?

bursa

Cartilage in knee joint?

meniscus

Fluid in joints?

synovial

Suffix for removal? Example?

ectomy, meniscectomy

Suffix for incision/cut? Example?

tomy, myotomy

Suffix for record/image? Example?

gram, myogram

Suffix for viewing instrument? Example?

scope, arthroscope

suffix for surgical repair? Example?

plasty, arthroplasty

Suffix for suturing? Example?

rrhaphy, myorrhaphy

ACL = [meaning]

anterior cruciate ligament

TKR = [meaning]

total knee replacement

EMG = ?

Electromyography

you got this

DJD = [meaning]

degenerative joint disease

ROM = [meaning]

range of motion

RICE =

rest, ice, compression, elevation

The sixth vertebra in the neck =

C6

The fourth vertebra in the upper back =

T4

The fifth vertebra in the lower back =

L5

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs =

NSAIDs

Doctor of Osteopathy =

DO

The difference between signs and symptoms =

sign= measurable symptom=experiences reported by patient

Memory tool for sprain vs. strain?

Sprain = stretch ligament; both start with s

Strain = tendon/muscle; think T for tendon