Mouthparts

Labrum

 top lip, forms the roof of the pre-oral cavity. Attached to the clypeus sclerite.

Mandibles

sed for chewing, cutting, slicing, grinding base.”teeth”

Maxillary palps

 chemo-reception/sensory + food manipulation outside the mouth

galea

 it is known as the spoon, it contains the bolus in the right area. Found at the end of the maxillae/its lateral lobe

Lacinia

Inside, Known as the “fork”, the middle lobe of the maxillary stipes. 

Stipes

 The distal part of the maxillae with many lobes

Cardo

Proximal part of the maxillae

Hypopharynx

The floor under the pharynx, it is the mouth before the mouth. It is a lobe in the mouth. It forms the posterior floor of the pre-oral cavity.  (Surrounded by glossae)

Glossae

 Known as the “tongue”. It is one of the pairs of lobes on the inner apex of the prementum

Paraglossae

 It is one of the pairs of lobes between the glossae and the labial palps.

Labial palps

3-segmented appendages of the labium. Similar roles as the maxillary palps.

Gula

 a ventromedial sclerotized plate on certain insects' heads

Postmentum

 Distal end of the labium. Attaches to the labium’s other segments

Prementum

Proximal part of the labium

Prognathous

Forward facing mouth arrangement. Think about it like an underbite. Ex, people, coleoptera

Hypognathous

 Down/under facing mouth arrangement. Ex, found in scavengers and pollinators.

Opisthognathous

the head is flexed in such a way that the mouthparts are found posteriorly,behind jaw mouth arrangement.

Suctorial mouthparts

Haustellate mouthparts, Straw like, important for sucking

• Found in adult Lepidoptera

Piercing sucking hemiptera

• An elongated beak that commonly consists of elongated and toothed stylets enclosed by the labium which acts as a sheath. 

  • Increase their ability to poke. 

Pericing and sucking mosquito mouthparts

• An elongated beak that commonly consists of elongated and toothed stylets enclosed by the labium which acts as a sheath.

• Increase their ability to poke. 

• A total of 6 stylets all from derived mouth parts. 

• Uses capillary action to pump blood. 

• When feeding the maxillae stylets, lacinial stylets and labrum work togehr to pierce the skin.

Rasping mouthparts

Found in maggots,

• Very reduced

• They scrape at things with mouth hooks until they are able to be consumed. This is/can be myiasis.

• Predators and decomposers.

Seizing-grasping mouthparts

• Found in Odanate larvae

• Very niche

Mandibulosuctorial

• Found in Neuroptera and diving beetle larva

• They have formed scythe-like feeding tubes. These tubes can also contain a salivary canal that injects poison into prey/predator

Aquatic filtering

Found in diptera larvae

• Labrum are modified into fans/brushes that are held into the current for filter feeding