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Silk Roads
A network of trade routes that connected East and West, significant for trade and cultural exchange, especially after 1200.
Causes of the Growth of Exchange Networks
Factors contributing to the expansion of trade routes and interregional connections, including the Crusades, rising empires, and improved technologies.
Crusades
Military campaigns in the medieval period that helped expand trade networks through the introduction of Eastern goods to Europe.
China exports
porcelain, tea, and silk
Mongol Empire
An empire that had a significant impact on the expansion of trade by creating a unified authority, improving safety of travel.
Magnetic Compass
A navigational instrument developed in China that greatly improved maritime navigation.
Caravanserai
An inn or resting place for travelers and merchants along trade routes.
Flying Cash
A credit system developed in China that allowed for paper money deposits and withdrawals at different locations.
Hanseatic League
A commercial alliance established by northern German cities and Scandinavia, enhancing trade in luxury goods.
Kashgar
A key city along the Silk Roads serving as a center of trade and cultural exchange.
Western edge of China, northern and southern routes met.
Destination in Central Asia, India, Pakistan, and Persia.
Once Buddhist, now an Islamic center.
Samarkand
A historic city in Uzbekistan known for cultural and religious diversity and as a strategic point on the Silk Roads.
between China and mediterranean
Known for artisans, decorated mosques
Banking Houses
Early banking institutions that allowed merchants to handle credit and funds securely.
China imports
cotton, precious stones, dates, horses, grapes
Chinese ship contributions
Improved rudder
Chinese junk - 3x the size of European ships
China’s proto-industrialization
Increased demand led to expansion of steel and iron production promoting it
