Pre-test Review

Which directional term refers to a structure being closer to the head than another structure?

Superior

The heart is located in which body cavity?

Thoracic

Which term describes the position of the stomach relative to the diaphragm?

Inferior

The kidneys are located in which region of the abdomen?

Lumbar

Which term describes the position of the sternum relative to the heart?

Anterior

Which level of organization is directly above the cellular level?

Tissue

The smallest living unit of structure and function in the body is the:

Cell

Which of the following best describes a tissue?

Group of similar cells performing a function

Which type of tissue is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses?

Nervous

Smooth muscle is found primarily in:

Walls of hollow organs

Which statement best describes the relationship between the respiratory and circulatory systems?

The respiratory system provides oxygen that the circulatory system transports

Which two systems coordinate the body’s responses to stimuli?

Nervous and endocrine

The digestive system provides nutrients that are transported by the:

Circulatory system

The urinary system works closely with which system to regulate blood pH?

Respiratory

The skeletal system interacts with the muscular system to:

Enable movement

Which organ plays a central role in maintaining glucose homeostasis?

Pancreas

Which system regulates body temperature through sweat production?

Integumentary

Which feedback mechanism is most commonly used to maintain homeostasis?

Negative feedback

The kidneys help maintain homeostasis by:

Regulating water and electrolyte balance

Which organ is part of the lymphatic system and helps regulate immune function?

Spleen

Which condition results from the failure of insulin production?

Diabetes mellitus

Which imbalance occurs when the thyroid gland produces excessive hormones?

Hypothyroidism

Which electrolyte imbalance can result in muscle weakness and irregular heartbeat?

Hypokalemia

Which condition is caused by the buildup of fluid in body tissues?

Edema

Which imbalance occurs when the body temperature rises above normal levels?

Hyperthermia

Which imaging technique uses sound waves to produce images of internal organs?

Ultrasound

Which tool is used to measure electrical activity of the heart?

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Which technology allows three-dimensional viewing of organs and tissues using X-rays?

Computed tomography (CT)

Which modern technology uses magnetic fields and radio waves to visualize soft tissues?

MRI

Which laboratory instrument is essential for studying cellular structures?

Microscope