Bio Two, Exam 2, Terms

Joe Koch at Tri C

Rhizoids

root-like structures

Xylem

conducts water and nutrients

Phloem

conducts sugars/organic products

Lignin

a component that surrounds the cell walls of water-conducting cells, makes it stringer and water proof

Microphylls

leaves with one stand of vascular tissue

Megaphylls

leaves with branched vascular tissue

Endosperm

food supply of flowering plants

Trichomes

“hair-like” extensions of dermal tissue

Parenchyma

a type of ground tissue that makes up the bulk of plant tissue

Collenchyma

a type of ground tissue that contains elongated cells for support

Sclerenchyma

a type of ground tissue that is lignified (usually dead) cells that protect

Apical Meristem

provides primary growth

Lateral Meristem

provides secondary growth

Vascular Cambium

adds secondary xylem/phloem

Cork Cambium

adds bark to the epidermis

Macronutrients

required in large quantities

Micronutrients

required in small quantities

Rhizobacteria

bacteria that thrive in the rhizosphere (near the root tip)

Rhizosphere

the area at the tip of the root where bacteria live

Nodule

plant swellings housing bacteria

Epiphyte

plants that grow nonparasitically on another

Haustoria

roots modified for parasitism

Mycorrhizae

mutualistic fungi that associate with plant roots

Chitin

component of fungi cell walls

Heterotroph

must consume food, cannot create their own food

Hyphae

multicellular fungi form long, branching tubes with multiple nuclei

Septa

cells are separated by incomplete barriers

Zoospores

contain flagella and are motile