TOA1 - PROXEMICS, CULTURAL BASIS OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

CULTURE

- customs, arts, social institutions, and the achievement of a particular nation or social group

TERRITORIALITY

- behavior of an organism that characteristically lays claim to an area and defends it against members of its own and other species

PRIMARY TERRITORY

- communicating with someone in their personal space

SECONDARY TERRITORY

- both abtle to feel comfortable, and less personal ownership

PUBLIC TERRITORY

- common ground or neutral territory

INTERACTION TERRITORY

- temporary private space where one could have an intimate conversation

DEFENSIBLE SPACE

- allow inhabitants themselves to become key agents in ensuring their security

- developed by Oscar Newman

PROXEMICS

- the use and perception of one's social and personal space

- relative positioning of your body when communicating

Proxemics according to DISTANCE

public, social, personal, intimate

PUBLIC DISTANCE

- 210+ cm

- higher volume, eye contact is minimized

SOCIAL DISTANCE

- 122-210+ cm

- more formal

- no touch, visual only and auditory stimuli

PERSONAL DISTANCE

- 46-122+ cm

- interaction w/ friends, vision no longer blurred

INTIMATE DISTANCE

- 0-46+ cm

- close relationship

- increased perception of heat and ofactory stimuli

Proxemics according to SPACE

fixed feature space, semi fixed space, informal space

SOCIOFUGAL SPACE

- keeps people away from the process of communication

SOCIOPETAL

- brings people together and stimulate involvement in the process of communication

POSTURAL-SEX IDENTIFIER

- refers to the postural status and sex identities of the participants in the interaction

SOCIOFUGAL AND SOCIOPETAL AXIS

- positioning ones shoulder and face which will encourage or discourage the process of communication

KINESTHETIC FACTOR

- distance between individuals which provides capability to touch each other

TOUCH CODE

- manner of touching one another

VISUAL CODE

- eye contact with reference to the space between individuals

VOICE LOUDNESS

- refers to the loudness of the voice with reference to the space between the individuals

Thermal Code

- refers to the hear transmitted from the individuals's bodies with reference to the space

OLFACTION CODE

- the individual's degree of breath and odors that can be felt by the other individual standing next to them

KINESICS

- body motions, gestures, body movements, postures

PARA-LINGUISTICS

- vocal elements that accompany the speech, pitch, volume, rhythm, articulation

LINEAR AND ACTIVE

- non-contact

- cool, logical, and decisive individuals

- direct to the point

- reserved, impatient

REACTIVE

- non-contact

- non-confrontational

- calm and collected

- value decorum and diplomacy over facts and emotions

- patient listeners and exhibit neutral body language and expression

MULTI-ACTIVE

- contact culture

- emotional accounts over hard facts

- impulsive and openly impatient

PRAGMATIC DESIGN

- use of available materials

- trial and error

- good grasps of the strengths and weaknesses of the materials and techniques

TYPOLOGICAL/ICONIC DESIGN

- mental image

- encouraged by traditions and intangible heritage

- examine not copy existing solutions and modify them to meet new conditions

ANALOGICAL DESIGN

- drawing analogies

- create new way of structuring the problem

- stimulates creativity

- formal and structural

- analogies to nature, science, art

CANONICAL DESIGN

- geometric design

- produce canonical rules that would result in iconoclastic designs