Plans and Earthworks

Quantity Surveying

the professional practice of managing all costs, contracts and financial aspects of construction project from inception to completion

Quantity Surveyor

known as project financial adviser
- Calculate s material and labor quantities, prepares budgets, manages tender documents, control cost and ensures value for money.

Basic Skills needed for creating accurate estimates in construction and related fields

1. Understanding of Construction Drawings and Specifications

2. Measurement and Quantification

3. Knowledge of Materials and Costs

4. Mathematical Skills

5. Analytical Thinking

6. Use of Estimating Software

7. Cost Control and Budgeting

8. Attention to Detail

9. Communication Skills

10. Time Management

Perspective Drawing

graphic representation in 3D style of the project showing how it would appear when finished

Location or Vicinity Map

shows the site of the proposed project in relation to major streets in the area

Site Development Plan

designated the outline and measurements of the proposed building and its placement on the property and also shows the proposed improvements

Architectural Plans

show the design of the project

Floor Plan

aerial view of the layout

Roof Plan

view of the roof from above the building

Elevation drawings

they show height and elevation

Section drawings

shows how the structure is to be built in cross sectional views

Detail drawings

enlarged views of some special features of the building

Civil/Structural Plan

set of engineered plans to support architectural plan

Foundation Plan

shows the lowest level of the building

Electrical Plan

engineered drawings for electrical supply and distribution

Plumbing and Sanitary Plan

engineered plans that show the layout for the plumbing system that supplies hot and cold water

Mechanical Plan

engineered plans for motors, pumps, piping systems, and piping equipments

Construction specifications

are detailed written instructions describing the materials, standards, workmanship, and installation procedures required for a project.

Earthwork estimation

involves calculating the volume of soil or rock to be excavated (cut) or filled (embankment) for construction projects

EXCAVATION

The process of moving things like earth, rock or other materials with tools, equipment or explosives.

Backfill

the process of refilling an excavated hole, trench or area around a structure with soil, gravel, or sand to provide stability and support

Fill

sand, soil, gravel or crushed stone added to low areas, excavation, trenches to raise ground levels, stabilize foundations or create a level building site.

Bank Materials

Materials in their natural state

% Swell

the expansion of bank materials causes the soil to assume a larger volume

Loose Materials

uncompacted excavated materials

% Shrinkage

reduction of volume when compaction is applied to the materials