Human Lifespan Development and Relationships

Vocabulary terms and definitions from the lecture covering human development stages, transitions, parenting styles, and healthy relationship characteristics.

Prenatal

The lifespan stage from conception to birth, characterized as the fastest growth period and the development of major organs and structures.

Infancy

The lifespan stage from $0-2$ years, characterized by rapid growth with many changes and learning how to walk.

Childhood

The lifespan stage from $2-12$ years.

Youth

The lifespan stage from $12-18$ years, characterized by rapid growth and reaching sexual maturity.

Early adulthood

The lifespan stage from $18-40$ years, when the body reaches its physical peak between the ages of $25-30$ and focus is placed on building a career.

Middle adulthood

The lifespan stage from $40-65$ years, characterized by financial security and physical signs of aging.

Late adulthood

The lifespan stage from $65+$ years, often involving retirement and volunteer work.

Lifespan

The amount of time for which a person is alive.

Development

The series of orderly predictable changes that occur from fertilisation to death, which can be physical, social, emotional or intellectual.

Fertilisation / conception

The fusing of a sperm and egg cell.

Developmental milestone

The average age a child achieves a skill.

Puberty

The biological changes that occur during youth and prepare the individual for sexual reproduction.

Physical development

The changes that occur to the body and its systems, including growth, motor skill development, and changes to body systems.

Primary sex characteristics

Changes that are directly related to reproduction, such as developments in the ovaries and testes.

Secondary sex characteristics

Changes that are not related to reproduction and are not present at birth, such as widening hips or the lowering of the voice.

Social development

The increasing complexity of behaviour patterns used in relationships with other people, including social roles, expectations, and communication skills.

Emotional development

Experiencing the full range of emotions and learning ways to appropriately express them, including self concept and building resilience.

Intellectual development

The increase in complexity of processes used in the brain, including knowledge, memory, language, thought patterns, and problem solving.

Perception

Beliefs or opinions based on how things seem, influenced by personal experiences, the generation gap, and media portrayals.

Relationship

A connection between two or more people or groups of people.

Authoritarian parenting

A parenting style that employs strict rules and punishment if rules are broken.

Permissive parenting

A parenting style low in discipline where parents see themselves more as friends than parents.

Uninvolved parenting

A parenting style where parents show little interest in their children's lives.

Consent

When both parties agree to have sexual intercourse or behaviours.

FRIES

An acronym for the components of consent: Freely given, Reversible, Informed, Enthusiastic, and Specific.

Verbal communication

The use of sounds and words to express yourself.

Non verbal communication

The use of gestures, body language, mannerisms, and facial expressions.

Abuse

Physical, psychological, or sexual mistreatment of a person.

Physical abuse

Any physical act that hurts or scares an individual, such as punching or kicking.

Emotional abuse

The use of verbal abuse, threats, rejection, or put downs in order to have control over someone, such as social isolation.

Sexual abuse

Unwanted touching or sexual activity.

Financial abuse

Taking control and restricting the finance of another, such as taking paychecks.