Chem 1C FINAL

Galvanic (Voltaic) cells (discharge)

use a spontaneous (ΔG < 0) reaction to produce electricity, always from anode to cathode

Electrolytic cells (recharge)

use a source of electricity to drive a non‐spontaneous reaction. non-spontaneous meaning ΔG > 0, always from anode to cathode

oxidation

losing electrons, happens at the anode

reduction

gaining electrons, happens at the cathode

Salt bridge

a bridge connecting the two solutions of the cell; balances the flow of electrons, eliminates the accumulation of charge

anode (3 points)

The electrode where electrons are produced, negative, where anions migrate toward

cathode

The electrode where electrons are consumed, positive, what cations migrate toward

double vertical lines represents ___, one vertical lines represents___

a bridge, a phase change

For a cell diagram you should include

concentrations and partial pressures of any gasses if known

Electromotive Force (emf)

The force pushing electrons through an electrical circuit; also called voltage

Cell Potential (Ecell)

The emf of an electrochemical cell

Standard Cell Potential (E **NOD** cell)

The more positive the potential is the more likely it will be reduced

E **NOD** SHE

0\.00V, can serve as an anode or cathode

positive E **NOD** cell means

a working battery

negative E **NOD** cell means

a dead battery

E **NOD** cell < 0

favors the reactants

E **NOD** cell > 0

favors the products

ΔG < 0

favors the products

As reduction potential increases, the ease of reduction___

increases

a substance with a higher reduction potential will…

oxidize a substance with a lower reduction potential

__ __and__ __ are strong reducing agents

sodium and potassium

Reduction potential is based on

concentration and pH

The higher reduction potential(V), the ___ reducing agent, the ___ oxidizing agent

weaker, stronger

As cell potential increases, the amount of work available ___

increases cause W= -C x Ecell

the amount of work done by an electrochemical cell depends on

the amount of charge transferred

Metal with a lower reduction potential can be used as a sacrificial metal to protect another \n metal with a ____ reduction potential.

higher