Chem 1C FINAL

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26 Terms

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Galvanic (Voltaic) cells (discharge)
use a spontaneous (ΔG < 0) reaction to produce electricity, always from anode to cathode
use a spontaneous (ΔG < 0) reaction to produce electricity, always from anode to cathode
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Electrolytic cells (recharge)
use a source of electricity to drive a non‐spontaneous reaction. non-spontaneous meaning ΔG > 0, always from anode to cathode
use a source of electricity to drive a non‐spontaneous reaction. non-spontaneous meaning ΔG > 0, always from anode to cathode
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oxidation
losing electrons, happens at the anode
losing electrons, happens at the anode
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reduction
gaining electrons, happens at the cathode
gaining electrons, happens at the cathode
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Salt bridge
a bridge connecting the two solutions of the cell; balances the flow of electrons, eliminates the accumulation of charge
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anode (3 points)
The electrode where electrons are produced, negative, where anions migrate toward
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cathode
The electrode where electrons are consumed, positive, what cations migrate toward
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double vertical lines represents ___, one vertical lines represents___
a bridge, a phase change
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For a cell diagram you should include
concentrations and partial pressures of any gasses if known
concentrations and partial pressures of any gasses if known
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Electromotive Force (emf)
The force pushing electrons through an electrical circuit; also called voltage
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Cell Potential (Ecell)
The emf of an electrochemical cell
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Standard Cell Potential (E **NOD** cell)
The more positive the potential is the more likely it will be reduced
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E **NOD** SHE
0\.00V, can serve as an anode or cathode
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positive E **NOD** cell means
a working battery
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negative E **NOD** cell means
a dead battery
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E **NOD** cell < 0
favors the reactants
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E **NOD** cell > 0
favors the products
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ΔG < 0
favors the products
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As reduction potential increases, the ease of reduction___
increases
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a substance with a higher reduction potential will…
oxidize a substance with a lower reduction potential
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__ __and__ __ are strong reducing agents
sodium and potassium
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Reduction potential is based on
concentration and pH
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The higher reduction potential(V), the ___ reducing agent, the ___ oxidizing agent
weaker, stronger
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As cell potential increases, the amount of work available ___
increases cause W= -C x Ecell
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the amount of work done by an electrochemical cell depends on
the amount of charge transferred
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Metal with a lower reduction potential can be used as a sacrificial metal to protect another \n metal with a ____ reduction potential.
higher