WWII Test 2

Rodolfo Graziani

Known as the 'Butcher of Fezzan” sent to Africa.

Operation Iskra

Soviets' attempt to break the siege of Leningrad on January 12, 1943.

Erwin Rommel

Known as the 'Desert Fox. Hitler's best general who helped Mussolini in Africa.

Operation Sea Lion

Germany's planned invasion of Britain.

Hugh Dowding

Developed and organized the system and air defense the British used in the Battle of Britain.

Operation Barbarossa

Nazi operational name for the invasion of Russia.

• 1,040,000 Axis with 850,000 killed, missing, or wounded

• 2,500,000 Soviet soldiers and civilians with 1,100,000 killed, missing, or wounded

Operation Uranus

Russian name of the attempt to counterattack and break out of Stalingrad.

Luftwaffe

German Air Force

RAF

British Royal Air Force

Vidkun Quisling

Nazi collaborator who headed the puppet government of Norway during the country's occupation by Nazi Germany during World War II.

Operation Compass

British offensive aiming to drive out the Italians of North Africa.

Richard O Connor

British General who commanded the Western Desert Force during Operation Compass, he led an army of fewer than 30,000 men that outmaneuvered and destroyed the 130,000 Italian Tenth Army.

Claire Chennault

Ching Khay-Shek Chief Advisor and Leader of the Flying Tigers, the first American Volunteer Group, recruiting 300 american pilots

Isoroku Yamamoto

Planned Pearl Harbor

Douglas MacArthur

Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in the Southwest Pacific Area born in Little Rock. While serving as the Chief of Staff of the U.S. Army, he helped FDR launching and organizing the Civilian Conservation Corps, a massive relief program created to combat the devastating unemployment of the Great Depression. He worked in the defense of the Philippines and famously said “I Shall Return” after being forced to retreat to Bataan.

Willow Run

Factory in Detroit that produced

• 296,000 Planes in 4 years (At one point being able to built 1 B-24 per hour)

• 102,000 Tanks

• 372,000 Artillery Pieces

• 47 Million tons of Artillery Shells

• 47 Billion rounds of ammo

Henry J. Kaiser

Known as “Sir launchalot”. Took 45 days to build a ship. Also Kaiser Permanente, which was a Hospital pre-payment plan

James Doolittle

Led raid over Tokyo

WASP

Organization of civilian female pilots who flew military aircraft for the U.S. Army Air Forces during World War II, 38 Female pilots died.

WAC

Womans Army Corp branch of the United States Army that fought in World War II

WAVES

Women’s Corps that belonged to the U.S. Navy and were full members of the military from day one.

Doolittle’s Raid

Also known as Tokyo’s raid, it was the first punch back at Japan

• 16 B-25 Mitchell Bombers

• USS Hornet

• The plan was to bomb Japan and to fly to vladitok, Russia and leave the bombers there as part of the lend lease act.

• They were spotted by a Japanese ship, ordered to take off earlier than planned and arrived six hours early in Tokyo. When they landed in russia, they were captured but later freed by the same Russians.

Rations in Leningrad

• 600 Calories a day for factory workers

• 125g of bread per day

• 60% of the bread was filler and sawdust

• Cannibalism was rampant, with over 2000 arrests.

• The biggest crime was murder for rations