Trecero Examen Puntacuación:

red bone marrow

Where hemopoiesis occurs: produces red and white blood cells and platelets located in spongy bone

yellow bone marrow

stores energy, made of triglycerides/fats located in the periosteum

compact bone (description)

forms external layer of all bone, made of osteons

spongy bone (description)

light weight bone, protects and supports red bone marrow, contains trabeculae

long bones

made of spongy bone on the epiphysis, has a medullary cavity, is covered in compact bone. Is longer than it is wide

short bones

spongy bone covered in compact bone, cube-ish in shape.

flat bones

thin spongy bone covered in compact bone, protect vital organs

irregular bones

oddly shaped bone for protection and support; made of spongy bone surrounded with compact bone.

sesamoid bones

bone in certain tendons where there is a lot of friction

open/compound fracture

broken end of the bone protrudes through the skin

closed/simple fracture

clean break, bones do NOT protrude through the skin.

comminuted fracture

bone splinters at the site of impact and smaller bone fragments lie between the two main fractures.

greenstick fracture

partial fracture in which one side of the bone is broke and the other side just bends.

impacted fracture

one end of the bone is forcefully driven into the other bone.

spiral fracture

break due to the twisting of bones

articular cartilage

located where to bones touch, purpose is to reduce friction and absorb shock.

Frontal Bone

located on your forehead

Maxilla

upper jaw/ front of your face

Mandible

lower Jaw bone

Parietal Bone

on the side/top of your skull

Occipital Bone

back of your head

Vertebrae

entire backbone

Ribs

chest

Sacrum

between hips, 'butt bone'

Clavicle

collar bone

Scapula

shoulder blades

Humerus

brachial region

Radius

lower arm, on thumb side

Ulna

lower arm, pinkie side

Carpals

wrist bones

Metacarpals

distal to wrist bones

Phalanges, manual

fingers on hand

Femur

upper leg bone

Tibia

lower leg bone, bigger one

Fibula

lower leg bone, smaller one

Tarsals

ankles

Metatarsals

distal to ankle bones

sternum

breastbone

patella

knee cap

pelvic bone

hips

phalanges, plantar

toes

epiphysis

ends of the bone

diaphysis

shaft of the bone

compact bone

number 8, contains osteons and haversians canals

medullary cavity

Space in diaphysis that contains yellow bone marrow in adult bones

articular cartilage

Thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers epiphysis where bone touches another bone

epiphyseal line

Line created after epiphyseal plate grows over and closes when growing has stopped.

spongy bone

Contains red bone marrow

trabeculae

irregular web-like thin columns of bone, makes up spongy bone

endosteum

thin membrane that lines medullary cavity

periosteum

tough covering of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds outside bone surface

canaliculi

microscopic canals between the lacunae of compact bone

concentric lamellae

rings of hard, calcified matrix that radiate out from Haversian canal

lacuna

space around osteocytes

Haversian canal

In the center of an osteon, contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels

perforating (volkmann) canal

any of the small channels in the bone that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the bone and that communicate with the Haversian canals.

osteon

a unit that contains a haversian canal, concentric lamellae, and lacuna.

osteogenic cells

stem cells, only cells to undergo mitosis, produce osteoblasts

osteoblast

cell that makes and secrete collagen fibers to build matrix. become osteocytes

osteocyte

bone cell

osteoclasts

cells that break down bone matrix for resorption

epi

upon

endo

within/inside (not intra)

peri

around

osteo/ossi

bone

intra

within (not endo)

hemo or heme

blood

-genic

producing (not -poiesis)

-poiesis

making (not -genic)

-blast

bud

-clast

break

hemopoiesis

production of blood cells and plasma from stem cells in the bone marrow and other organs

bone

Support, movement, protection, storing fat and releasing minerals.

Calcium

Strengthening bone

Collagen

Bone strength positively affects cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.

lamella

Thin layer, membrane or plate of tissue

Fracture Hematoma, Fibrocartilaginous, spongy bony callus and then compact bone