portugal geography test, 8th grade pt; cultures and globalization

Culture

Everything that defines a group of people: language, traditions, beliefs, food, and ways of life.

Cultural Diversity

The existence of different cultures in the world or in the same place.

Multiculturalism

When different cultures exist together in the same society but remain separate.

Interculturality

When different cultures mix, communicate, and influence each other.

Acculturation

When one culture absorbs elements of another, often due to migration or colonization.

Factors of Cultural Identity

What makes a group unique, including language, race & ethnicity, religion, customs & traditions.

Language

The way people communicate (e.g., Portuguese, English, Mandarin).

Race & Ethnicity

Physical traits (race) and cultural background (ethnicity).

Religion

Beliefs and spiritual practices (e.g., Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism).

Customs & Traditions

Celebrations, clothing, music, and rituals that pass through generations.

Types of Cultural Heritage

What a society preserves from its past.

Material Heritage

Physical objects like buildings, monuments, paintings, and books (e.g., the Eiffel Tower).

Immaterial Heritage

Non-physical traditions like music, dance, folklore, and oral stories (e.g., Fado music in Portugal).

Importance of Culture

Culture shapes identity and connects people to a group; preserves traditions and aids economies.

Globalization

The connection between countries through trade, communication, and migration, increasing interconnectedness.

Pros of Globalization

Easier access to information, more job opportunities, and cultural exchange.

Cons of Globalization

Loss of local cultures, economic inequality, and environmental damage.

CPLP

Community of Portuguese-Speaking Countries; includes 9 countries where Portuguese is the official language.

Countries in the CPLP

Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe, East Timor, Equatorial Guinea.

PALOP

African Countries with Portuguese as the Official Language; includes 5 countries.

Countries in the PALOP

Angola, Mozambique, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe.

Lusophone World

The global community of Portuguese-speaking countries spread across Europe, South America, Africa, and Asia.

Globalization: Definition

The process that increases the interconnectedness of nations through economic, social, and cultural exchange.

Economic Growth from Globalization

Job creation and economic development as countries engage in trade.

Cultural Exchange

The sharing and interaction of cultural practices and ideas among different cultures.

Loss of Local Cultures

The decline of indigenous cultures due to the predominance of dominant cultures.

Environmental Impact of Globalization

Increased pollution and resource depletion caused by industrial activities and transportation.

Identity Factors

Characteristics that define a person's or group's culture, such as language or religion.

Celebrations as Customs

Cultural events that mark important occasions in a community or society.

Cultural Industries

Economic sectors that produce and distribute cultural goods and services.

Language as Identity

Language serves as a critical component of cultural identity, enabling communication and connection.

Heritage Preservation

The efforts made to maintain and protect a society's cultural heritage for future generations.

Interconnectedness in Globalization

The relationship between nations that fosters cooperation and awareness on a global scale.

Migration and Acculturation

The movement of people which often results in the blending and exchange of cultures.

Lusophone Heritage

Cultural ties and historical connections that link Portuguese-speaking countries.

Economic Inequality in Globalization

The disparity in wealth and opportunities among countries participating in the global economy.

Intercultural Communication

The exchange of information between people from different cultural backgrounds.

Linguistic Ties in PALOP Countries

Shared language and cultural background among African countries with Portuguese as an official language.

CPLP's Cultural Unity

The cultural and historical bonds that connect the nine Portuguese-speaking countries.

Cultural Impact of Tourism

The influence of visitors on local cultures, which can lead to both preservation and change.