Dental Emergencies Quiz 3

Atherosclerosis is a common etiology of CVAs due to the formation of

All of the above

Thrombi, emboli, clots

Individuals suffering from atrial fibrillation are more prone to CVAs due to an increase in

Thrombi

A brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by ischemia of the brain lasting less than one hour is a / an

TIA transient ischemic attack

The pupils of CVA patients are often

Unequal and dilated

What is the major difference between the signs and symptoms of a thrombotic and an embolism CVA?

Emboli strokes have a more abrupt onset

All of the following are risk factors for a CVA except

Middle aged women

All of the following are factors leading to a hemorrhagic CVA except

Atrial fibrillation

The MOST common type of CVA is

Thrombotic

The central zone of ischemia of a CVA is the

Core

The type of angina that is referred to as atypical or vasoplastic and occurs spontaneously is

Variant

The type of angina that presents with predictable and reproducible discomfort in the left area of the chest lasting from 1-15 minutes induced by some form of stress is

Stable

The pathological condition of the myocardium that is reversible and caused by a lack of oxygen to the tissue is

Myocardial infarction

If chest pain treated with nitroglycerine diminishes and then returns , the patient

Should be managed as an AMI

The MOST common cause of ischemic heart disease is

Atherosclerosis

Which of the following can cause damage to the arterial walls?

All of the above

Diabetes, tobacco smoke, high cholesterol

If an anginal patient is experiencing chest pain that has NOT responded to two doses of nitroglycerine in a 10 minute period the clinician should

Call 911

The cardinal sign of left heart failure is

Pulmonary edema

The use of a local anesthetic agent containing epinephrine may cause a significant rise in blood pressure in heart failure patients taking

Beta blockers

The backup of fluid into the lungs seen in left ventricular heart failure often leads to

Pulmonary edema

What is the MOST frequent cause of heart failure?

Myocardial infarction

The MOST dramatic life-threatening symptom of right heart failure is pulmonary edema. Acute pulmonary edema is the result of rapid accumulation of fluid in the lungs

The first statement is false, the second statement is true

ASA Class III heart failure patients present with fatigue, dyspnea, and orthopnea at all times. Class III heart failure patients present a definite risk and the patient should be treated in a hospital setting

Both statements are true

For a patient experiencing acute pulmonary edema, oxygen should be administered via a non-rebreather bag at a rate of

10 or more liters / minute

The condition that occurs when the heart muscle is impaired and can NO longer pump efficient volumes of oxygenated blood to the body's tissues and organs is

Heart failure

The portion of the pacemaker that powers the device is the

Generator

Tachyarrythmias can cause all of the following symptoms except

Increased cardiac output

Which of the following is NOT safe to use with cardiac pacemaker patients?

TENS

All of the following are symptoms of pacemaker malfunction except

Regular pulse rate

The MOST important step in the management of pacemaker malfunction is to

Turn off possible interference source

T/F The number of cardiac pacemakers and ICD implants is on the decline

False

T/F Pacemakers with bipolar electrodes are LESS sensitive to extraneous interference

True

T/F: Electromagnetic interference is the MOST common form of pacemaker malfunction.

True

T/F Muscle twitching and swelling of the extremities are signs and symptoms of pacemaker malfunction

True

T/F: Once a pacemaker is implanted it will last for the lifetime of the patient.

False