History quiz - WWII

America First Committee

A committee organized by isolationists before WWII, who wished to spare American lives. They wanted to protect America before we went to war in another country. Charles A. Lindbergh (the aviator) was its most effective speaker.

A. Phillip Randolph

He was the black leader of The Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. He demanded equal opportunities in war jobs and armed forces during WWII. He helped encourage the end of segregation in the military, although that happened after the war. Threatened the "March on Washington"

Atlantic Charter

1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII amd to work for peace after the war

Axis Powers (WWII)

Germany, Italy, Japan

Benitto Mussolini

Dictator of Italy and friendly with Hitler; influenced the political policies of Hitler

Blitzkrieg

"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939

Bracero Program

Plan that brought laborers from Mexico to work on American farms

Cash and Carry

policy adopted by the United States in the Neutrality act of 1939 to preserve neutrality while aiding the Allies. Britain and France could buy goods from the United States if they paid in full and transported them on their own ships.

Cost-plus system

Government agreed to pay companies who produced war goods quicker and get profit

exectutive order 9066

authorized japanese relocation during WWII

Fair Employment Practices Committee

Enacted by executive order 8802 on June 25, 1941 to prohibit discrimination in the armed forces.

lend lease

allows America to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation considered "vital to the defense of the U.S."

Manhattan Project

A secret U.S. project for the construction of the atomic bomb.

Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, and 1937

Short-sighted acts passed in 1935, 1936, and 1937 in order to prevent American participation in a European War. Among other restrictions, they prevented Americans from selling munitions to foreign belligerents. (858)

Nuremberg Laws

1935 German laws defining the status of Jews and withdrawing citizenship from persons of non-German blood.

Office of Price Administration

WWII Office that installs price controls on essential items to prevent inflation

Office of Scientific Research and Development

Created by Roosevelt to bring science into the war efforts. It help improve sonar and radar. Manhattan project

Office of War Information (OWI)

government agency that encouraged support of the war effort during World War II. Controlled propaganda.

Pearl Harbor

Base in hawaii that was bombed by japan on December 7, 1941, which eagered America to enter the war.

Rationing

Restricting the amount of food and other goods people may buy during wartime to assure adequate supplies for the military

Rosie the Riveter

A propaganda character designed to increase production of female workers in the factories. It became a rallying symbol for women to do their part.

War Production Board (WPB)

a government agency set up to oversee production of war materials during World War II. Controlled the contracts that converted factories to produce wartime materials.

Zoot Suits

clothing worn by minority teenagers, Mexican americans and African Americans, and considered to be unpatriotic

Appeasement

Accepting demands in order to avoid conflict

Facism

A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and has no tolerance for opposition

Communism

A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state.

Interventionism

Direct involvement by one country in another country's affairs

Isolationism

A policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations to stay out of conflict.

Mobilization

the process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war

neutrality

policy of supporting neither side in a war

Total War

A conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort

War Towns

towns that supported the war by converting their factories to produce wartime materials.