Chapter 22: The New Deal

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24 Terms

1

public works

projects such as highways, parks, and libraries built with public funds for public use

<p>projects such as highways, parks, and libraries built with public funds for public use</p>
2

Franklin D. Roosevelt

President of the US during Great Depression and World War II

<p>President of the US during Great Depression and World War II</p>
3

Fireside Chats

informal talks given by FDR over the radio; sat by White House fireplace; gained the confidence of the people

<p>informal talks given by FDR over the radio; sat by White House fireplace; gained the confidence of the people</p>
4

Eleanor Roosevelt

FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws.

<p>FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws.</p>
5

Hundred Days

the special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months: 100 days.

<p>the special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months: 100 days.</p>
6

New Deal

The name of President Roosevelt's program for getting the United States out of the depression

<p>The name of President Roosevelt's program for getting the United States out of the depression</p>
7

subsidy

government payment to encourage or protect a certain economic activity

<p>government payment to encourage or protect a certain economic activity</p>
8

Huey Long

Political leader from Louisiana who criticized the New Deal

<p>Political leader from Louisiana who criticized the New Deal</p>
9

Father Charles Coughlin

a critic of the New Deal; created the National Union for Social Justice; wanted a monetary inflation and the nationalization of the banking system

<p>a critic of the New Deal; created the National Union for Social Justice; wanted a monetary inflation and the nationalization of the banking system</p>
10

Dr. Francis Townsend

American physician and social reformer whose plan for a government-sponsored old-age pension was a precursor of the Social Security Act of 1935.

<p>American physician and social reformer whose plan for a government-sponsored old-age pension was a precursor of the Social Security Act of 1935.</p>
11

CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)

relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.

<p>relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.</p>
12

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

monitors the stock market and enforces laws regulating the sale of stocks and bonds

<p>monitors the stock market and enforces laws regulating the sale of stocks and bonds</p>
13

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

an agency created in 1933 to insure individuals' bank accounts, protecting people against losses due to bank failures

<p>an agency created in 1933 to insure individuals' bank accounts, protecting people against losses due to bank failures</p>
14

Social Security Act of 1935

Provided old-age pension (retirement), and a program of unemployment insurance (temporary aid to help people who lose jobs to find a new job), and federal welfare program (aid for very poor). Most famous and important legacy of New Deal. Has resulted (along with Medicare) with drastic reduction in poverty among elderly in the US

<p>Provided old-age pension (retirement), and a program of unemployment insurance (temporary aid to help people who lose jobs to find a new job), and federal welfare program (aid for very poor). Most famous and important legacy of New Deal. Has resulted (along with Medicare) with drastic reduction in poverty among elderly in the US</p>
15

Works Progress Administration

New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings.

<p>New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings.</p>
16

Tennessee Valley Authority

A relief, recovery, and reform effort that gave 2.5 million poor citizens jobs and land. It brought cheap electric power, low-cost housing, cheap nitrates, and the restoration of eroded soil.

<p>A relief, recovery, and reform effort that gave 2.5 million poor citizens jobs and land. It brought cheap electric power, low-cost housing, cheap nitrates, and the restoration of eroded soil.</p>
17

deficit

An excess of federal expenditures over federal revenues.

<p>An excess of federal expenditures over federal revenues.</p>
18

Second New Deal

A new set of programs and reforms launched by FDR in 1935

<p>A new set of programs and reforms launched by FDR in 1935</p>
19

Second Hundred Days

summer of 1935 is often referred to as this because Roosevelt passed a large amount of important legislation during this time.

<p>summer of 1935 is often referred to as this because Roosevelt passed a large amount of important legislation during this time.</p>
20

Frances Perkins

U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the cabinet.

<p>U.S. Secretary of Labor from 1933 to 1945, and the first woman ever appointed to the cabinet.</p>
21

Black Cabinet

Group of African Americans FDR appointed to key government positions; served as unofficial advisors to the president.

<p>Group of African Americans FDR appointed to key government positions; served as unofficial advisors to the president.</p>
22

Mary McLeod Bethune

an educator who dedicated herself to promoting opportunities for young African Americans

<p>an educator who dedicated herself to promoting opportunities for young African Americans</p>
23

Dorthea Lange

Photographer who shot photos of the poor during the Great Depression

<p>Photographer who shot photos of the poor during the Great Depression</p>
24

swing

A type of big-band jazz of the late 1930s and 1940s

<p>A type of big-band jazz of the late 1930s and 1940s</p>