BACTERIAL CELL WALL
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/29
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai | Chat |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
30 Terms
sacculus
cell wall
what type of prokaryotes dont have a cell wall
mycoplasmas
function of the cell wall
protects the cell membrane
what are bacterial cell walls made of
peptidoglycan
what types of sugars make up the bacterial cell wal
NAG and NAM
T or F: peptidoglycan is unique to bacteria
true
what does penicillin target
transpeptidase
what does transpeptidase do
cross-links the amino acids in peptidoglycan
what type of peptidoglycan layers do gram-positive bacteria have
thick
what are gram-positive bacteria peptidoglycan threaded with
techoic acids
what are techoic acids made of
glycerol or ribitol phosphodiester chains
are techoic acids positively or negatively charged
negatively charged
what type of peptidoglycan layers do gram-negative bacteria have
thin
what is exclusive to gram-negative bacterial cell wall
outer membrane
what are gram-negative bacteria peptidoglycan threaded with
LPS
is LPS positively or negatively charged
negatively charged
what can LPS act as in humans
endotoxins
what do endotoxins do to human immune cells
overstimulates cell signaling/cytokine storm
more solute on the inside than outside
hypotonic
what does the cell wall protect from in hypotonic environments
lysis
more solute outside than inside
hypertonic
what does cell wall protect from in hypertonic environments
plasmolysis
what are the extracellular vesicles in gram-positive bacteria made of
plasma membrane
what are the extracellular vesicles in gram-negative bacteria made of
LPS
organized layers made of polysaccharides that are covalently bonded that are difficult to wash away
capsules
unorganized layers made of polysaccharide that are easily washed away
slime layers
protein layers that aid in protecting from ion and pH fluctuations
S-layers
what are the protective advantages of capsules
resistant to host immune cells and dessication
what do S-layers do in gram-negative bacteria
adheres to outer membrane
what do S-layers do in gram-positive bacteria
associated with peptidoglycan