Female Gu

studied byStudied by 5 People
0.0(0)
Get a hint
hint

who gets pelvic exam

1/180

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

Studying Progress

New cards
180
Still learning
0
Almost done
0
Mastered
0
180 Terms
New cards

who gets pelvic exam

all women 21+, unless you have an OB or GYN problem-specific complaint

<21 years old, inspect lesions but do not perform internal

New cards
New cards
New cards
New cards

what does the pelvic exam look at

size, position of vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries

New cards
New cards

when do you get a pelvic exam

  • annually over 21 (regardless of sexual activity)

  • during pregnancy

  • suspect infection

  • women with pain in her pelvic or low back area

New cards
New cards

why do you do a pelvic exam

diagnosis pathology such as pregnancy, infection or cancer

New cards
New cards

Mons pubis

fat pad over pubic symphysis

New cards
New cards

Labia majora

rounded folds of adipose tissue

New cards
New cards

labia minora

thinnner, pinkish red folds that extend anteriorly to form prepuce

New cards
New cards

vestibule

boat-shaped fossa btw labia minora

New cards
New cards

introitus

vaginal opening

New cards
New cards

perineum

tissue btw introitus and anus

New cards
New cards

urethral meatus

open into vestibule btw clitoris and vagina

New cards
New cards

paraurethral (skenes) glans

posterior to the urethral meatus on either side

  • lubrication during sexual activity

New cards
New cards

Bartholins glands

located posteriorly on either side of vaginal opening

  • normal secretion for lubrication

New cards
New cards

vagina

musculomembranous tube extending upward and posteriorly btw urethra and rectum

New cards
New cards

uterus

flattened fibromuscular structure shaped like inverted pear

New cards
New cards

cervix

lower part of the uterus (extend into vagina)

New cards
New cards

Adnexa

refer to ovaries, fallopian tubes and supporting tissues

New cards
New cards

where is the clitoris found

between the prepuce

New cards
New cards

size of ovaries

3.5 cm

New cards
New cards

when are ovaries palpable

only in childbearing age

shrink after menopause due to increase in hormones→ if felt may indicate cancer

New cards
New cards

ectoervix

outer surface, squamous epithelium surround the os

New cards
New cards

transformation zone

squamocolumbar junction migrates toward os as patient ages

New cards
New cards

where is cervix located

top of vaginal canal

New cards
New cards

where is pap smear sampled from

transformation zone

New cards
New cards

describe cervix during puberty

broad band of deep red columnar epithelium around os is replaced by squamous epithelium

New cards
New cards

why do you look at cervical os when doing an exam

slit like indicate pregnancy

New cards
New cards

average age of menarche

12.5

New cards
New cards

normal cycle length

21-35 days

average 28 days

New cards
New cards

why is menarche before average age concerning

increased exposure to hormones = increased risk for endometrial or breast cancer

New cards
New cards

typical length of menses

3-7 days

New cards
New cards

why is long menses (7+ days) of concern?

risk of anemia (same with heavy flow)

New cards
New cards

dyspareunia

pain with intercourse

New cards
New cards

how to classify heavy, light, moderate flow?

number of tampons per hour

New cards
New cards

amenorrhea

absence of menses

no menarche by 15 yo (primary) or >3 missed menstrual periods (secondary)

New cards
New cards

PMS

emotion, behavioral and physical sx occurring 5 days before menses for 3 consecutive days

New cards
New cards

menopause

12 mo without menses

New cards
New cards

premenopausal

intermittent menses

New cards
New cards

premature ovarian failure

menopause < 40 yo

New cards
New cards

post menopausal bleeding

bleeding >6 mo or more after cessation of menses

New cards
New cards

polymenorrhea

cycle last <21 days

New cards
New cards

oligomenorrhea

infrequent bleeding

New cards
New cards

menorrhagia

abnormally heavy menstrual bleeding

New cards
New cards

metrorrhagia

uterine bleeding at irregular intervals

New cards
New cards

postcoital bleeding

bleeding after intercourse

New cards
New cards

Gravida

total # of pregnancies

New cards
New cards

Para

outcome of pregnancies

New cards
New cards

GP (FPAL)

full term

premature

abortions

living children

New cards
New cards

what is considered premature

under 37 weeks but over 20

20-36 weeks

New cards
New cards

what is considered a full term pregnancy

37 weeks

New cards
New cards

what is considered abortion

under 20 weeks

New cards
New cards

acute pelvic pain is considered? chronic

< 6 mo

at least 6 mo

New cards
New cards

DES exposure if likely if pt born before

1971

may be at risk for vaginal or cervical cancer due to exposure

New cards
New cards

myomectomy

removal of fibroids (benign)

New cards
New cards

common surgeries

  • hysterectomy

    • partial or complete

  • Ovarian cystectomy

  • C section

  • Myomectomy

New cards
New cards

A 34 yo female present today for her first pre-natal visit. She tells you that she has 1 living child that was preemie. She had 2 elective abortions when she was 17, 1 miscarriage, 1 full term child that passed away at 6 mo due to SID. What are her G and P

G6 P(F1 P1 A2 L1)

New cards
New cards

patients should have nothing in the vagina for …. hours prior to a pelvic exam

48 hours

no sexual activity, tampons, douching

New cards
New cards

T/F you should no void prior to exam

F- you should void

pressing on bladder can be uncomfortable

New cards
New cards

position of pelvic exam

dorsal lithotomy

New cards
New cards

bimanual exam palpation

used to check a woman's internal pelvic organs

  • inserts two fingers into the vagina and then places pressure with the other hand to the lower part of the belly

New cards
New cards

tanner stage 1 (typically prior to age 11)

elevation of nipple only

no pubic hair, only fine hair

New cards
New cards

tanner stage 2 (typically age 11-12)

breast bud stage. Elevation of breast and nipple as small bud

sparse pubic hair, mostly along labia

New cards
New cards

tanner stage 3 (typically age 12-13)

further elevation of breast and areola with no separation of their contour

pubic hair become darker, coarser, curlier

New cards
New cards

tanner stage 4 (typically 13-14)

projection of areola and nipple to form a secondary moud

almost adult like, but pubic hair does not cover medial thigh

New cards
New cards

tanner stage 5 (14-15)

mature breast, projection of nipple, but areola receded to general contour

adult quality and quantity of hair, extending to thigh

New cards
New cards

inspect external genitalia

  1. mons pubis

  2. vulva

  3. vaginal introitus

  4. clitoris / urethral meatus

  5. perineum

New cards
New cards

T/F hymnal ring break with pregnancy, intercourse, tampons

F- stretches, it doesnt break

New cards
New cards

risk factors of vulvar carcinoma

HPV and DES exposure

New cards
New cards

anatomic variation of normal hymen

knowt flashcard image
New cards
New cards

vulvar carcinoma

cancer of labia and genital skin

<p>cancer of labia and genital skin </p>
New cards
New cards

Bartholin cyst

usually 4 and 8 oclock

need drainage

<p>usually 4 and 8 oclock </p><p>need drainage </p>
New cards
New cards

Condyloma Accuminata (HPV)

genital region and anus

difficult to treat

M and F

<p>genital region and anus </p><p>difficult to treat </p><p>M and F</p>
New cards
New cards

Syphilitic chancre

1st sign of syphilis

NOT painful

indurated red base

same in M and F

<p>1st sign of syphilis </p><p>NOT painful</p><p>indurated red base </p><p>same in M and F</p>
New cards
New cards

Genital herpes

itchy, burning and tingling (may occur before lesion even appear)

2 types

I- cold sores

II- genital

  • only distinguish with culture

<p>itchy, burning and tingling (may occur before lesion even appear)</p><p>2 types </p><p>I- cold sores</p><p>II- genital </p><ul><li><p>only distinguish with culture </p></li></ul>
New cards
New cards

Pubic lice

knowt flashcard image
New cards
New cards

Different speculums

  • Pederson or Graves

  • Metal or plastic

  • Small, medium and large

New cards
New cards

what you need for internal pelvic exam

  1. speculum

  2. culture supplies

  3. pap smear: scrap, brush, broom

  4. water based lubricant / gloves

  5. good lighting

New cards
New cards

regular culture screening should be done on individuals who are…

under 25 and sexually active → over 25+ dont need culture unless abnormality

screen for chlamydia

New cards
New cards

pederson or graves

pederson: long and skinner

Graves: shorter and wider

New cards
New cards

what angle do you hold speculum at when youre inserting for a pelvic exam

45 degree downward slope

New cards
New cards

yellow-green d/c indicative of

STI

New cards
New cards

red d/c indicative of

menstruation, cervical infection, cervical polyps, endometrial or cervical cancer

New cards
New cards

pink d/c indicative of

cervical bleeding, vaginal irritation, implantation bleeding

New cards
New cards

grey d/c indicative of

BV

New cards