Part of Speech Classification by Suffixes

A comprehensive vocabulary flashcard set covering noun, adjective, verb, and adverb suffixes along with their exceptions and specific word formation rules.

Noun Suffixes: -tion / -sion

Suffixes used to identify nouns, as seen in words like nation, education, question, and television.

Noun Suffix: -ment

A suffix used to identify nouns, with examples including environment and movement.

Noun Suffix: -ce

A suffix forming nouns, illustrated by words such as difference and attendance.

Noun Suffix: -ness

A suffix indicating a noun, with examples including kindness and friendliness.

Noun Suffixes: -y / -ty

Suffixes forming nouns, as demonstrated in beauty, army, and responsibility.

Noun Suffixes: -er / -or / -ee

Suffixes forming nouns typically denoting persons or roles, such as worker, visitor, and employee.

Noun Suffix: -ist

A suffix forming nouns that indicate a person, such as guitarist and artist.

Adjective Suffix: -al

A suffix used to form adjectives, with examples such as national and cultural.

Adjective Suffix: -ful

A suffix used to form adjectives, such as beautiful and careful.

Adjective Suffix: -ive

A suffix used to form adjectives, exemplified by active and attractive.

Adjective Suffixes: -able / -ible

Suffixes forming adjectives, with examples including comfortable, miserable, and accessible.

Adjective Suffix: -ous

A suffix forming adjectives, such as serious and famous.

Adjective Suffix: -ic

A suffix forming adjectives, as seen in specific and economic.

Adjective Suffix: -ant

A suffix forming adjectives, exemplified by important and pleasant.

Adjective Suffix: -thy

A suffix forming adjectives, with examples such as healthy and lengthy.

Adjective Suffixes: -ing / -ed

Suffixes used to form adjectives, such as interesting and interested.

Dual Noun/Adjective Exceptions (-ive / -al)

Words like representative, objective, initiative, and alternative that function as both nouns (n) and adjectives (adj).

Rule: Verb + -al = Noun

A rule where adding the suffix -al to a verb creates a noun, such as Propose (v) -> proposal (n), Approve (v) -> approval (n), and Remove (v) -> removal (n).

Verb Suffix: -ize

A suffix used to form verbs, with examples such as recognize and advise.

Verb Suffix: -ate

A suffix used to form verbs, exemplified by participate and graduate.

Verb Suffix: -en

A suffix used to form verbs, as seen in the word widen.

Verb Suffix: -fy

A suffix used to form verbs, as seen in the word qualify.

Verb & Noun Suffix Exceptions

Exceptions to standard suffix patterns, including appropriate (which functions as both verb and adjective) and candidate (which ends in -ate but is a noun).

Standard Adverb Formation

The rule $\text{ADV} = \text{ADJ} + \text{ly}$, forming adverbs such as beautifully, carefully, and certainly.

Irregular Adverbs (ADV BQT)

Adverbs that do not follow standard -ly formation rules: hard (adj) -> hard (adv), fast (adj) -> fast (adv), and good (adj) -> well (adv).

Adjectives Inherent with -ly

Words ending in -ly that function as adjectives rather than adverbs, such as timely, likely, and costly.

Dual Adjective/Adverb -ly Words

Words ending in -ly that function as both adjectives and adverbs: daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly.