Histology 281 - Tissues, Epithelium, and Cell Components

Practice fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering tissue definitions, epithelial classification, cell membrane properties, staining, organelles, and molecular components.

The study or examination of tissues and cells under the microscope is defined as __________.

Histology

A group of similar cells performing a specific function is defined as a __________.

tissue

The basic unit of a human body is the __________.

cell

Epithelium consisting of a single layer of cells is classified as __________ epithelium.

simple

Epithelium consisting of multiple layers of cells is classified as __________ epithelium.

stratified

According to shape, epithelial cells are categorized into columnar, cuboidal, and __________ (flat).

squamous

The epithelium lining the small intestine is classified as simple __________ epithelium.

columnar

The epithelium of the skin is classified as stratified __________ epithelium.

squamous

The special type of epithelium lining the urinary tract is transitional epithelium, also known as __________.

Urothelium

The major structural components of a cell include the nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, and __________.

organelles

Under light microscopy (LM), the cell membrane cannot be visualized without special stains such as PAS or __________.

Ag

Under electron microscopy (EM), the cell membrane exhibits a trilaminar appearance consisting of two dark lines separated by a __________ line.

light

The main function of the cell membrane is acting as a __________ barrier.

selective

In the bilaminar phospholipid layer of the cell membrane, the head is __________.

hydrophilic

In the bilaminar phospholipid layer of the cell membrane, the tails are __________.

hydrophobic

In microscopic staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin, basophilic structures appear __________.

blue

In microscopic staining with Hematoxylin and Eosin, acidophilic structures appear __________.

red

Membranous organelles can be remembered using the mnemonic GMEL, which stands for Golgi apparatus, Mitochondria, Endoplasmic reticulum, and __________.

Lysosomes / Peroxisomes

Non-membranous organelles include centrioles, cilia, microtubules, microfilaments, and __________.

ribosomes

Known as the powerhouse of the cell, __________ provide the cell with energy.

mitochondria

Endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached to its surface is called __________ endoplasmic reticulum.

rough

Protein molecules in the cell membrane structure are categorized as integral proteins and __________ proteins.

peripheral

Carbohydrates attached to proteins or lipids form the surface layer or cell coat known as the __________.

Glycocalyx

Functions of the Glycocalyx (cell coat) include cell protection, cell adhesion, and cell __________.

recognition