history unit 4 terms

nationalism

people were "the nation," and shared a common language, culture, history, etc., fighting over who counted and who voted, the people should have a state of their own

imperialism

acquiring new territories to make a ‘better’ nation

congress of vienna (4)

alliance of four: britain, russia, prussia, and austria,

* their final act was redrawing the map of europe
* balance of power to keep france in check
* wanted to put buffers around france bc of napoleans conquering
* conservative movement

otto von bismarck

* chancellor of prussia → Germany


* was a conservative nationalist
* was responsible for the creation of the german empire

social darwinsim

* natural for strong nations to dominate the weak
* nature gives them right to rule
* connects to nationalism.

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charles darwin

* natural selection (only studied animals --> mainly birds)
* came up with darwinsm

natural selection

individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive/reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits.

assimilation

olonized peoples were taught in schools the languages, religions, scientific practices, and cultural traditions of their colonizers

manifest destiny

It was God’s will to acquire the land, displacement of indigenous people, westward expansion, led to railroad connectivity

spanish-american war

the U.S. declared war on Spain and invaded the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Cuba, and eventually the U.S. won and got Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam (showed American Imperialism!)

berlin conference

Delegates from Europe, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, divided up africa, nearly 70% of the new borders failed to follow any sort of aspect of the nation (language, ethnicity, etc.), all because the colonizers harbored fantasies of treasures (ex. diamonds) and wanted to Christianize

unification of italy and germany

lots of small city states within those two territories, were united with nationalism (used common characteristics), Bismarck in Germany and Garibaldi, Cavour, and Mazzini in Italy, the countries wanted to be united to protect themselves against Austria and France (Napoleon), are examples of nationalism, liberalism (rapid change)