Neoclassicalism

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4 Terms

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- "little mountain" (Italian)

- chief building on Jefferson's plantation

- symmetrical interior design

- brick building, stucco applied to trim to give effect of marble

- tall French doors and windows allow circulation in hot Virginia summers

- appears to be one-story building w/ a dome, but balustrade hides second floor

- inspired by Palladian villas in Italy and Roman ruins in France

- octogonal dome

- Jefferson obsessed with saving space in his home: very narrow spiral staircases, beds in alcoves or in walls between rooms

Monticello

<p>Monticello</p>
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- exemplum virtutis

- story of three Roman brothers (the Horatii) who do battle with three other brothers (the Curiatii--not painted) from nearby city; pledge their fidelity to their father and to Rome

- one of three women on right Horatii engaged to one of Curiatii brothers; another is sister of Curiatii brothers

- forms vigorous, powerful, animated, emphatic

- gestures sweeping and unified

- figures pushed to foreground

- neoclassical drapery and tripartite composition

- Caravaggio-like lighting and un-Roman architectural capitals (not Neoclassical in these aspects)

- painted under royal patronage

- created sensation at the Salon of 1785

- stiffness of men contrast with women's curved bodies

The Oath of the Horatii

<p>The Oath of the Horatii</p>
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- dressed as 18th century gentleman

- military associations minimized: epaulettes on should and sword cast to the side

- naturalistic details: missing button on jacket; tightly buttoned vest around protruding stomach

- seen as man of vision and enlightenment

- badge of Cincinnatus on this belt: gentleman-farmer who left Mount Vernon to take up in American cause the way Cincinnatus from Roman Republic left farm to command Roman armies, then returned to farm

- plow behind symbolizes his plantation

- leans on Roman fasces: thirteen rods symbolize thirteen colonies, from which he gets his support

George Washington

<p>George Washington</p>
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