Colonial America study guide

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What are two reasons why King James wanted to settle in the New World

The two reasons were that he wanted to prevent Spanish advancements in the New World and he wanted to find a Northern passage to Asia. Other reasons were they wanted to spread Christianity, gain land, and make/earn money.

What type of colony was Jamestown and what were investors hoping to find

They were looking for gold in Jamestown and it was a proprietary colony. Great Britain did not like the fact that Jamestown was proprietary, this was one of the lead ups to the revolutionary war.

Why was Jamestown chosen as the site to set up the colony

Jamestown was chosen because it was far enough inland to hide from the Spanish, it had deep water for the anchors of ships, and the swamp and rivers offered protection from the Native Americans. They were looking for cities of gold as well.

Name each New England colony and identify important individuals associated with each

The colonies were Plymouth colony, Massachusetts Bay Colony, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire. William Bradford was an important individual for Plymouth Colony, John Winthrop for Massachusetts Bay Colony, Roger Williams for Rhode Island, Thomas Hooker for Connecticut, and King Charles II for New Hampshire. Plymouth colony and Massachusetts Bay Colony combined to be Massachusetts. Another Massachusetts Bay Colony person was William Bradford or John Carver, on the test it will only be Massachusetts can choose any for Massuchetts. More options are Squanto, Chief Metacom etc.

What type of government did each New England colony have and why

Representative democracy, they did this because they wanted to be in control of things that happened in their colony. They didn’t want parliament to be across the ocean because it is way too far away, and they wouldn’t know what is happening to the colony. It would take way too long to send a message across the ocean, so they had a representative democracy to manage the colony.

What three things did the Mayflower Compact accomplish

It ensured that the colony would be governed by just and equal laws, upheld the idea of majority rule, and ensured the allegiance to the king of England. One more is upholding the idea of self rule.

Describe how the landscape of New England’s colonies shaped its agriculture and economy

The landscape allowed the building of ships, trading, and fishing in the ocean.

Which group was targeted most in the Salem Witch Trials and why

The group that was targeted the most was women because they are single, and people think that they would curse other women’s children out of spite. The group was the women who didn’t believe in Puritanism and were single with no children.

Name each middle colony and identify important individuals associated with each

The middle colonies were New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. Important individuals that were associated with each were the Duke of York for New York, Lord Berkeley for New Jersey, Peter Minuit for Delaware, and William Penn for Pennsylvania. Peter Minuit is better for New York, another one for New Jersey is George Carteret, Peter Minuit is for both Delaware and New York.

What type of government did each middle colony have and why

Representative democracy, they did this because they wanted to be in control of things that happened in their colony. They didn’t want parliament to be across the ocean because it is way too far away, and they wouldn’t know what is happening to the colony. It would take way too long to send a message across the ocean, so they had a representative democracy to manage the colony.

Describe how the landscape of the middle colonies shaped its agriculture and economy

They had great land for making grain, they were called the bread basket. They had a longer growing season as well, allowing them to create more crops and this let them sell the crops for money. They used the Hudson and Delaware river to transport goods which were exported through ports in New York and Philadelphia.

What was the impact of the Quakers of the Middle Colonies being more tolerant than those living in the Northern Colonies

They were more diverse in religion, race, culture (language, customs), since they were tolerant they attracted more people to live there. They were democratic, this gave them more rights, and allowed religious freedom.

Who was living in the frontier of the middle colonies and what brought them to the frontier

The Germans and the Scots-Irish lived there, and they were indentured servants who came to the colonies and ended up abandoning their work and running away to the frontier.

Name each southern colony and identify important individuals associated with each

The colonies were Jamestown/Virginia, The Province of Maryland, The Province of Carolina, and The Province of Georgia. The important individuals were John Smith for Jamestown, Lord Baltimore for The Province of Maryland, King Charles II for The Province of Carolina, and James Oglethorpe for The Province of Georgia. The Province of Carolina was eventually split into two because it was too big to handle. Georgia is also King Charles II, and the seven lords of the Carolinas.

What type of government did each southern colony have and why

Representative democracy, they did this because they wanted to be in control of things that happened in their colony. They didn’t want parliament to be across the ocean because it is way too far away, and they wouldn’t know what is happening to the colony. It would take way too long to send a message across the ocean, so they had a representative democracy to manage the colony.

Describe how the landscape of the southern colonies shaped their agriculture and economy

They had great farmland and they made a ton of tobacco and cotton along with rich soil (cash crops). They also had slaves that they relied heavily on to make their money.

What was the significance of Bacon’s rebellion

It was a major starting point for the American revolution, they got scared of the indentured servants and they got slaves as a conclusion. They were unhappy with the government not protecting them from the Natives but they still had to pay taxes. Government oversight (England realizes that they have to monitor them, and they eventually say that English people need to watch over them and they start settling in their space. They basically wanted to monitor them so that they didn’t cause trouble, and they started taxing them). Equal laws/treatment/taxation, government frustration (frustrated that the government isn’t protecting them/meeting their needs), and slave labor.

Explain Triangular Trade

Triangular Trade was a trade route with three main spots that form a triangle, the New England and Middle colonies, West Africa, and the West Indies. The New England and Middle colonies shipped out goods like fish, livestock and flour to the West Indies, and in return the West Indies brought slaves from West Africa to the colonies. Raw materials go to England where they are processed, transported to Africa where they get slaves and repeated by sending it back to the colonies. The impact was that it boosted the economy and increased the reliance on slave labor.

Why was it important for the British to secure the main water routes that connected the rivers of the Ohio River valley

It was important for the British to secure the water routes because it allowed them to transport troops from one place to another along with supplies. The waterways helped control trade and the British could defend them against the French. The Ohio River Valley went into the Mississippi River, allowing more mobility around trading in America.

What impact did the Proclamation of 1763 have

The Proclamation of 1763 restricted westward expansion so they could avoid conflict with the French, Spanish, and Natives. The other impact was that people passed even though the Proclamation of 1763 was that they couldn’t pass. They had just finished a war, and they did not want another war except the government was broke so they increased taxes. The people eventually disagreed, leading to “no taxation without representation”.